vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2021-348-4-35-43vetpress-1630Research ArticleКОРМОПРОИЗВОДСТВО, КОРМЛЕНИЕ С/Х ЖИВОТНЫХFORAGE PRODUCTION, FEEDING OF AGRICULTURAL ANIMALSПолиферментные препараты в кормлении моногастричных животныхPolyenzyme preparations in feeding of monogastric animalsКрюковВ. С.KryukovV. S.

Москва

Moscow 

kryukov.v.s@mail.ruЗиновьевС. В.ZinovievS. V.

п. Ржавки Московской обл.

Rzhavki village, Moscow region 

neollit_13@mail.ruНекрасовР. В.NekrasovR. V.

Подольск пос., Дубровицы

Podolsk, Dubrovitsy, Moscow Region 

nek_roman@mail.ruГлебоваИ. В.GlebovaI. V.

 Курск

 Kursk

snow1968@inbox.ruГалецкийВ. Б.GaletskyV. B.

Ленинградская обл., Гатчинский р-н, д. Малые Колпаны

Leningrad region. Gatchinsky district, Malye Kolpany village 

vl.galetski@gmail.comООО «Кормогран»РоссияKormogran LLCRussian Federation ВНИИПП – филиал ФНЦ ВНИТИПРоссияVNIIPP — branch of the VNITIP Federal Research CenterRussian FederationФГБНУ ФИЦ ВИЖ им. Л.К. ЭрнстаРоссияL.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal HusbandryRussian FederationКурская ГСХАРоссияKursk State Agricultural AcademyRussian FederationГатчинский ККЗРоссияGatchina KKZRussian Federation202118062021043543Copyright © Крюков В.С., Зиновьев С.В., Некрасов Р.В., Глебова И.В., Галецкий В.Б., 20212021Крюков В.С., Зиновьев С.В., Некрасов Р.В., Глебова И.В., Галецкий В.Б.Kryukov V.S., Zinoviev S.V., Nekrasov R.V., Glebova I.V., Galetsky V.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/1630

 Для кормовых целей в основном используют ферментные препараты, которые содержат ферменты, не  вырабатываемые в организме животных, хотя у цыплят  первых недель жизни и поросят после отъема образуется  недостаточное количество собственных протеаз и амилаз, поэтому их включение в корма тоже оказывается полезным. К настоящему времени созданы и производятся  высокоактивные ферментные препараты, обладающие  различными специфическими активностями. В кормах, приготовленных с использованием традиционного сырья,  до 30% питательных веществ недоступны для  переваривания ферментами, секретируемыми в ЖКТ. Включение в корма экзогенных ферментов обеспечивает дополнительное использование непереваримой фракции. Достичь полной переваримости кормов невозможно, хотя  in vitro экзогенные ферменты переваривают почти до 100% целевых субстратов. Проблема обусловлена тем, что в  естественных кормах нет чистых субстратов — они связаны с другими веществами, которые ограничивают доступность к ним ферментов. Свойства естественных субстратов, их  концентрация и доступность даже в одном и том же сырье  изменчивы, что исключает надежное прогнозирование  эффективности действия кормовых ферментов. Частично эти трудности преодолевают путем использования  полиферментных препаратов. Необходимо дальнейшее изучение специфики нативных субстратов и факторов, повышающих их доступность для действия ферментов.  

 In animal feeding enzyme preparations are mainly used, which are not produced in the body of animals, although in chickens in the first weeks of life and piglets after weaning an insufficient amount of their own proteases and amylases is formed, so their inclusion in feed is also useful. By now highly active enzyme preparations with various specific activities have been created and are being produced. In feeds prepared using traditional raw materials up to 30% of nutrients are not available for digestion by enzymes secreted in the gastrointestinal tract. The inclusion of exogenous enzymes in the feed provides additional use of the indigestible fraction. It is impossible to achieve complete digestibility of feed, although in vitro exogenous enzymes digest almost 100% of the target substrates. The problem is due to the fact that natural feed does not contain pure substrates — they are associated with other substances that  limit the availability of enzymes to them. The properties of natural substrates, their concentration and availability even in the same raw material are variable, which excludes reliable prediction of the effectiveness of the action of feed enzymes. Partially these difficulties are overcomed by the use of polyenzyme drugs. It is necessary to further study the specificity of native substrates and factors that increase their availability for the action of enzymes. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.