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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2021-353-10-84-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-1883</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕЕ ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL AGRICULTURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современное состояние пастбищ Западного Казахстана в зависимости от способа их использования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The current state of pastures in Western Kazakhstan, depending on the method of their use</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насиев</surname><given-names>Б. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasiyev</surname><given-names>B. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Насиев Бейбит Насиевич, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, член-корреспондент НАН Республики Казахстан</p><p>г. Уральск, улица Жангир хана, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nasiev Bejbit Nasievich, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of NAS RK</p><p>51 Zhangir Khan Street, Uralsk, Republic of Kazakhstan, 090000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Veivit.66@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жанаталапов</surname><given-names>Н. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhanatalapov</surname><given-names>N. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жанаталапов Нурболат Жасталапович, PhD докторант</p><p>г. Уральск, улица Жангир хана, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nurbolat Zhastalapovich Zhanatalapov, PhD Doctoral Student</p><p>51 Zhangir Khan Street, Uralsk, Republic of Kazakhstan, 090000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беккалиев</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekkaliyev</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беккалиев Асхат Кажмуратович, PhD докторант</p><p>г. Уральск, улица Жангир хана, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Askhat Kazhmuratovich Bekkaliev, PhD Doctoral Student</p><p>51 Zhangir Khan Street, Uralsk, Republic of Kazakhstan, 090000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Западно-Казахстанский аграрно-технический университет имени Жангир хана</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Zhangir khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Насиев Б.Н., Жанаталапов Н.Ж., Беккалиев А.К., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Насиев Б.Н., Жанаталапов Н.Ж., Беккалиев А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nasiyev B.N., Zhanatalapov N.Z., Bekkaliyev A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/1883">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/1883</self-uri><abstract><p>Процесс управления пастбищными ресурсами Западного Казахстана усложняется из-за ухудшения показателей растительного покрова с проявлением процессов деградации и опустынивания в результате бессистемного выпаса скота. Целью исследований является изучение отгонного выпаса скота на продуктивность пастбищ для их рационального использования. Полевые эксперименты проводились в 2018–2021 годах на пастбищах полупустынной зоны Западно-Казахстанской области на территорий крестьянского хозяйства «Мирас» Бокейурдинского района. В качестве экспериментальных участков выбраны 4 пастбища, используемые разными способами: бессистемные, сезонные и отгонные. Три пастбищных участка находятся на рельефной части полупустынной зоны, а отгонный участок расположен в песчаной части Рын-песков. Для изучения влияний способов использования на продуктивность пастбищ на полигонных участках велись режимные наблюдения за количественно-качественными параметрами (проективное покрытие, высота, видовой состав, урожайность) фитоценозов. Исследования позволили доказать эффективность сезонной организации пастбищного хозяйства с использованием отгонного участка. В летний период на сезонных пастбищах отмечено увеличение численности и встречаемости ценных пастбищных растений Kochia prostrata, Agropyron desertorum, Festuca valesiaca, Leymus ramosus, Koeleria cristata. На отгонном участке песчаных пастбищ установлены 23 вида растений разных хозяйственно-ботанических групп, и благодаря природным условиям песков в фитоценозе встречаемость ценных растений в кормовом отношений высокая. К середине лета на участке сезонного и отгонного пастбища, несмотря на выпадение из состава растительности представителей разнотравья и высыхание злаков, урожайность зеленой фитомассы находилась в пределах 8,09–10,25 ц/га, что больше по сравнению с участком бессистемного выпаса на 4,28–6,44 ц/га. В этой работе был сделан вывод, что для повышения эффективности управления пастбищными ресурсами важно использовать сезонные пастбища с включением в пастбищеоборот отгонного участка, в чем заключается и научная новизна исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The process of pasture resources management in Western Kazakhstan is complicated by the deterioration of vegetation cover with the manifestation of degradation and desertification processes as a result of unsystematic grazing. The aim of the research is to study distant pasture grazing on the productivity of pastures for their rational use. Field experiments were carried out in 2018–2021 on the pastures of the semi-desert zone of the Western Kazakhstan region on the territories of the “Miras” peasant farm in the Bokeyurdinsky district. As experimental plots, 4 pastures were selected, used in different ways: unsystematic, seasonal and distant pastures. 3 pasture areas are located on the relief part of the semi-desert zone, and the distant-pasture area is located in the sandy part of Ryn-Peski. To study the influence of the methods of use on the productivity of pastures on the polygon areas, regular observations of the quantitative and qualitative parameters (projective cover, height, species composition, yield) of phytocenoses were carried out. The research allowed to prove the seasonal organization of pasture economy using the distant pasture. In the summer period, an increase in the number and occurrence of valuable pasture plants Kochia prostrata, Agropyron desertorum, Festuca valesiaca, Leymus ramosus, Koeleria cristata was noted on seasonal pastures. On the distant site of sandy pastures, 23 plant species of different economic and botanical groups have been determined, and due to the natural conditions of sands in the phytocenosis, the occurrence of valuable plants in the forage ratio was high. By the middle of summer, in the area of seasonal and distant pastures, despite the loss of forbs from the vegetation composition and drying of cereals, the yield of green phytomass was 8.09–10.25 c/ha, which is higher than in the area of unsystematic grazing by 4.28–6.44 c/ha. In this work, it was concluded that to improve the efficiency of pasture resource management, it is important to use seasonal pastures with the inclusion of a distant site in pasture rotation, which is the scientific novelty of the research.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сезонные пастбища</kwd><kwd>отгонные пастбища</kwd><kwd>способы использования</kwd><kwd>продуктивность</kwd><kwd>рациональное использование</kwd><kwd>бессистемное использование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>seasonal pastures</kwd><kwd>distant pastures</kwd><kwd>methods of use</kwd><kwd>productivity</kwd><kwd>rational use</kwd><kwd>unsystematic use</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Закон Республики Казахстан «О пастбищах» от 20 февраля 2017 года № 47-VI ЗРК [электронный ресурс]. – 2017. – URL: https://online.zakon.kz/document/?doc_id=32598330 [дата обращения 12.01.2021].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan «On Pastures» dated February 20, 2017 No. 47-VI ZRK [electronic resource]. - 2017. - URL: https://online.zakon.kz/document/?doc_id=32598330 [Accesed date 12.01.2021]. 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