vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2022-356-2-43-46vetpress-1992Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯZOOTECHNICSВлияние генотипа бычков на морфологический состав тушиInfluence of the bull genotype on the morphological composition of the carcassЮлдашбаевЮ. А.YuldashbaevYu. A.

доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, академик РАН, декан факультета зоотехнии и биологии 

РФ, 127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dean of the Faculty of Animal Science and Biology 

127550, Moscow, st. Timiryazevskaya, 49 

zoo@timakad.ruКосиловВ. И.KosilovV. I.

  доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор 

РФ, 460014, г. Оренбург, ул. Челюскинцев, 18

 Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor 

Russian Federation, 460014, Orenburg, st. Chelyuskintsev, 18 

Kosilov_vi@bk.ruКубатбековТ. С.KubatbekovT. S.

 профессор кафедры морфологии и ветсанэкспертизы, доктор биологических наук 

РФ, 127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Professor of the Department of Morphology and Veterinary Medicine, Doctor of Biological Sciences 

127550, Moscow, st. Timiryazevskaya, 49 

СалиховА. А.SalikhovA. A.

 доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор 

РФ, 127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor

127550, Moscow, st. Timiryazevskaya, 49 

КалякинаР. Г.KalyakinaR. G.

 кандидат биологических наук, доцент 

РФ, 460014, г. Оренбург, ул. Челюскинцев, 18

 Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor

 Russian Federation, 460014, Orenburg, st. Chelyuskintsev, 18 

ФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева»РоссияRussian State Agrarian University — Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. TimiryazevRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный аграрный университет»РоссияOrenburg State Agrarian UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева»РоссияRussian State Agrarian University — K.A. Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный аграрный университет»РоссияOrenburg State Agrarian University Russian Federation202208042022024346Copyright © Юлдашбаев Ю.А., Косилов В.И., Кубатбеков Т.С., Салихов А.А., Калякина Р.Г., 20222022Юлдашбаев Ю.А., Косилов В.И., Кубатбеков Т.С., Салихов А.А., Калякина Р.Г.Yuldashbaev Y.A., Kosilov V.I., Kubatbekov T.S., Salikhov A.A., Kalyakina R.G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/1992

В статье приводятся результаты изучения морфологического состава туши бычков разного направления продуктивности. Объектом исследования являлись бычки красной степной (I группа), симментальской (II группа) и казахской белоголовой пород (III группа). При проведении контрольного убоя трех бычков из каждой группы в 18-месячном возрасте по методике ВАСХНИЛ, ВИЖ, ВНИИМП изучен морфологический состав правых полутуш молодняка каждого генотипа. При этом устанавливались масса полутуши, абсолютная и относительная масса мякоти, мышечной и жировой ткани, костей и соединительнотканных образований. Определялись средняя арифметическая, среднее квадратическое отклонение, коэффициент вариации. Показатели вариационной статистики вычислялись при использовании методических указаний Н.А. Плохинского. Достоверность показателей определяли с использованием критерия Стьюдента. При изучении морфологического состава полутуши установлено, что абсолютная масса мякоти у бычков красной степной породы составляла 87,8 кг, относительная — 76,4%, молодняка симментальской породы, соответственно, 104,0 кг и 77,6%, животных казахской белоголовой породы — 102,3 кг и 79,2%. Выход мышечной ткани у бычков подопытных групп составлял, соответственно, 76,3 кг и 66,4%, 91,5 кг и 68,3%, 90,6 кг и 70,1%, выход жировой ткани — 11,5 кг и 10,0%, 12,5 кг и 9,3%, 11,7 кг и 9,1%, выход костной ткани — 22,9 кг и 19,9%, 24,8 кг и 18,5%, 17,8 кг и 17,8%.

The article presents the results of studying the morphological composition of the carcass of bull-calves of different directions of productivity. The object of the study was bulls of the Red Steppe (I group), Simmental (II group) and Kazakh white-headed breeds (III group). During the control slaughter of three bulls from each group at the age of 18 months, the morphological composition of the right half-carcasses of young animals of each genotype was studied using the VASHNIL, VISH, VNIIMP method. At the same time, the mass of the half-carcass, absolute and relative masses of pulp, muscle and adipose tissue, bones and connective tissue formations were established. The arithmetic mean, the mean square deviation, and the coefficient of variation were determined. Indicators of variation statistics were calculated using the guidelines of N.A. Plokhinsky. The reliability of indicators was determined using Student’s t-test. When studying the morphological composition of the half carcass, it was found that the absolute weight of the pulp in bulls of the red steppe breed was 87.8 kg, relative — 76.4%, young animals of the Simmental breed, respectively, 104.0 kg and 77.6%, animals of the Kazakh whiteheaded breed — 102, 3 kg and 79.2%. The yield of muscle tissue in the bulls of the experimental groups was, respectively, 76.3 kg and 66.4%, 91.5 kg and 68.3%, 90.6 kg and 70.1%,respectively, the output of adipose tissue was 11.5 kg and 10. 0%, 12.5 kg and 9.3%, 11.7 kg and 9.1%, bone yield — 22.9 kg and 19.9%, 24.8 kg and 18.5%, 17.8 kg and 17.8%.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.