vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2022-361-7-8-86-92vetpress-2202Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINEОценка воздействия фитобиотических препаратов Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Origanum vulgare на обменные процессы в модели рубцаAssessment of the effect of phytobiotic drugs Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Origanum vulgare on metabolic processes in the rumen modelhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-9561РязановВ. А.RyazanovV. A.

Виталий Александрович Рязанов, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С.Г. Леушина

460000, г. Оренбург, ул. 9 Января, 29

тел.: +7 (922) 807-71-00

 Vitaly Aleksandrovich Ryazanov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Researcher of the Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin

29, January 9 str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation

tel.: +7 (922) 807-71-00 

vita7456@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-613XШейдаЕ. В.SheidaE. V.

 Елена Владимировна Шейда, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории биологических испытаний и экспертиз; старший научный сотрудник института биоэлементологии

ул. 9 Января, 2, Оренбург, 460000, Российская Федерация

13, пр. Победы, Оренбург, 460018, Российская Федерация

тел.: +7 (922) 862-64-02

Elena Vladimirovna Sheida, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher at the Laboratory of Biological Tests and Examinations; SeniorResearcher at the Institute of Bioelementology

29, January 9, Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation

13, Pobedy Ave., , Orenburg, 460018, Russian Federation

tel.: +7 (922) 862-64-02 

elena-shejjda@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-8367ДускаевГ. К.DuskaevG. K.

Галимжан Калиханович Дускаев, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела кормления  сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им.  С.Г. Леушина

460000, г. Оренбург, ул. 9 Января, 29

тел.: +7 (35-32) 30-81-70

Galimzhan Kalikhanovich Duskaev, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin

29, January 9 str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation

tel.: +7 (35-32) 30-81-70 

gduskaev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-9499РахматуллинШ. Г.RakhmatullinSh. G.

Шамиль Гафиуллович Рахматуллин, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С.Г. Леушина

29, ул. 9 Января, Оренбург, 460000, Российская Федерация

тел.: +7 (922) 815-72-25

Shamil Gafiullovich Rakhmatullin, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher of the S.G. Leushin Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology

29, January 9 str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation

tel.: +7 (922) 815-72-25 

shahm2005@rambler.ruКванО. В.KvanO. V.

 Ольга Вилориевна Кван, кандидат биологических наук,старший научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С.Г. Леушина

460000, г. Оренбург, ул. 9 Января, 29,

тел.: +7 (922) 548-56-57,

https://doi.org//0000-0002-0561-7002

Olga Vilorievna Kvan, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher of the S.G. Leushin Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology

29, January 9 str., Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation

tel.: +7 (922) 548-56-57 

kwan111@yandex.ruФедеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наукРоссияFederal Scientific Center for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный научный центр  биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук; Оренбургский государственный университетРоссияFederal Scientific Center for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Orenburg State UniversityRussian Federation20220710202217-88692Copyright © Рязанов В.А., Шейда Е.В., Дускаев Г.К., Рахматуллин Ш.Г., Кван О.В., 20222022Рязанов В.А., Шейда Е.В., Дускаев Г.К., Рахматуллин Ш.Г., Кван О.В.Ryazanov V.A., Sheida E.V., Duskaev G.K., Rakhmatullin S.G., Kvan O.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2202

Актуальность. От процессов ферментации в рубце жвачных животных зависит, насколько будут образовываться конечные метаболиты и их производные, необходимые для полноценного развития организма, высокогоуровня продуктивности; также они влияют на уровень образования эндогенных веществ, в частности выбросы парниковых газов. Данные факты подводят нас к поиску новых кормовых средств, улучшающих метаболические процессы в рубце и пищеварительной системе в целом. Фитовещества могут послужить альтернативойтрадиционным добавкам. Цель исследования: изучить влияние Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Origanum vulgare на образование метана, синтез летучих жирных кислот и азота, то есть наосновные индикаторные показатели ферментативной активности рубца.Методы. Объектом исследования являлась рубцовая жидкость, полученная от бычков казахской белоголовой породы в возрасте 9–10 месяцев, средней массой 225–230 кг (n = 4), с хронической фистулой рубца. Для исследования был приготовлен микрорацион, включающий 70% грубых кормов и 30% концентрированных кормов, в качестве субстрата, и сформированы девять опытных образцов: Salviae folia — 0,8; 1,6; 2,4 г/кг сухого вещества (СВ), Scutellaria baicalensis — 0,15; 0,2; 0,3 г/кг СВ, Origanum vulgare — 0,2; 0,3; 0,6 г/кг СВ рациона. Исследования производили методом in vitro c помощью установки-инкубатора «ANKOM DaisyII» по специализированной методике.Результаты. Установлено, что при использовании фитовеществ Salviae folia и Scutellaria baicalensis больше образовалось уксусной и пропионовой кислоты, при использовании Origanum vulgare в различных дозировках произошло смещение в сторону образованияпропионовой и валериановой кислот. Достоверно установлено образование большего количества микробного белка с применением Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Origanum vulgare в различных дозировках. Метаногенез снижался в большей степени при использовании высших дозировок фитовеществ, независимо от источника.

Relevance. On the processes of fermentation in the rumen of ruminants depends, how much final metabolites and their derivatives will be formed, which are necessary for the full development of the body, thehigh level of productivity, those processes also affect the level of formation of endogenous substances, in particular greenhouse gas emissions. These facts lead us to the search for new feed products that improve the metabolic processes in the rumen and the digestive system as a wholePhytochemicals can serve as an alternativeto traditional feed additives. The purpose of the article was to study the effect of Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Origanum vulgare on the formation of methane, the synthesis of volatile fatty acids and nitrogen, as the main indicators of the enzymatic activity of the rumen.Methods. The object of the study was the rumen fluid obtained from bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed, aged 9–10 months, with an average weight of 225–230 kg (n = 4) with a chronic fistula of the rumen. For the study, a microration was prepared, including 70% of roughage and 30% of concentrated feed as a substrate, and nine prototypes were formed: Salviae folia — 0.8; 1.6; 2.4 g/kg of dry matter (DM), Scutellaria baicalensis — 0.15; 0.2; 0.3 g/kg ofDM, Origanum vulgare — 0.2; 0.3; 0.6 g/kg of DMof ration. The studies were carried out in vitro using the “ANKOM DaisyII” incubator and a specialized technique.Results. It was found that with the use of phytosubstances Salviae folia and Scutellaria baicalensis, more acetic and propionic acids were formed, and with the use of Origanum vulgare in various dosages there was a shift towards formation ofpropionic and valeric acids. The formation of a larger amount of microbial protein has been reliably established with the use of Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Origanum vulgare in various dosages. Methanogenesis decreased to a greater extent with the use of higher dosages of phytochemicals, regardless of the source.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.