vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2022-361-7-8-93-97vetpress-2203Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINEДинамика воспроизводительных качеств коров в зависимости от длительности использованияDynamics of reproductive qualities of cows depending on the productive longevityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-8835ХарлапС. Ю.KharlapS. Yu.

Светлана Юрьевна Харлап, кандидат биологических наук, доцент

Екатеринбург, Российская Федерация

Svetlana Yurievna Kharlap, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor

Yekaterinburg 

proffuniver@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-5143РебезовМ. Б.RebezovM. B.

Максим Борисович Ребезов, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, кандидат ветеринарных наук, профессор

Екатеринбург

Москва

Maksim Borisovich Rebezov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, candidate of veterinary sciences, Professor

Yekaterinburg

Moscow 

rebezov@ya.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-4925ГриценкоС. А.GritsenkoS. A.

Светлана Анатольевна Гриценко, доктор биологических наук, доцентТроицк

Svetlana Anatolyevna Gritsenko, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor

Troitsk 

zf.usavm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-9698СафроновС. Л.SafronovS. L.

Сергей Леонидович Сафронов, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент

Санкт-Петербург

Sergey Leonidovich Safronov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor

Saint Petersburg 

safronovsl@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6344-8601БобылеваИ. В.BobylevaI. V.

Ирина Валерьевна Бобылева, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцентТроицк

Irina Valeryevna Bobyleva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor

Troitsk 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-6631ЖуравельВ. В.ZhuravelV. V.

Виталий Васильевич Журавель, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцентТроицк

Vitaly Vasilyevich Zhuravel, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor

Troitsk 

zhu123456@mail.ruУральский государственный аграрный университетРоссияUral State Agrarian UniversityRussian FederationУральский государственный аграрный университет; Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова Российской академии наукРоссияUral State Agrarian University; V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationЮжно-Уральский государственный аграрный университетРоссияSouth Ural State Agrarian UniversityRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медициныРоссияSt.Petersburg State University of Veterinary MedicineRussian Federation20220810202217-89397Copyright © Харлап С.Ю., Ребезов М.Б., Гриценко С.А., Сафронов С.Л., Бобылева И.В., Журавель В.В., 20222022Харлап С.Ю., Ребезов М.Б., Гриценко С.А., Сафронов С.Л., Бобылева И.В., Журавель В.В.Kharlap S.Y., Rebezov M.B., Gritsenko S.A., Safronov S.L., Bobyleva I.V., Zhuravel V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2203

Уральский тип отечественной черно-пестрой породы отличается высокими показателями продуктивности, хорошей пригодностью к использованию в условиях промышленной технологии молока, но длительность его продуктивного долголетия составляет 2,4–2,6 лактаций, хотя в стадах имеется поголовье коров с продолжительность использования до 10 лактаций. Снижение продуктивного долголетия связано, в частности, с их воспроизводительными качествами. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что наиболее устойчивыми к длительному использованию в условиях молочных комплексов промышленного производства молока племенных репродукторов оказались коровы линии Силинг Трайджун Рокита, продолжительность продуктивного периода у которых составляет 4,0 лактации. В других линиях она колебалась от 1,8 (линия Пабст Говернера) до 2,5 (линия Монтвик Чифтейна) лактаций. Низкий коэффициент воспроизводительной способности (менее 0,95) указывает на имеющиеся проблемы с воспроизводством в стаде. Современный голштинизированный черно-пестрый скот, разводимый в Свердловской области, обладает высокими племенными качествами. Потенциал их использования достаточно высок и, несмотря на определенные проблемы с воспроизводством, они могут длительное время продуктировать в эколого-кормовых условиях зоны разведения.

The Ural type of the domestic black-and-white mottled breed features high productivity rates, good suitability for industrial milking technology, but the duration of its productive longevity is 2.4–2.6 lactations only, although in herds there are cows with productive longevity up to 10 lactations. The decline in productive longevity is associated in particular with reproductive qualities. As a result of the research, it was found that the Sealing Trijun Rockit cows proved to be the most resistant to their long use within the conditions of dairy farms for industrial milk production of pedigree reproducers; their productive longevity was 4.0 lactation. In other lines the productive longevity ranged from 1.8 (Pabst Governor line) to 2.5 (Montvic Chieftain line) lactations. A low fertility rate (less than 0.95) proves the existence of reproduction problems in the herd. Modern Holsteinized black-and-white mottled cattle bred in the Sverdlovsk region has high breeding qualities. The potential of their use is quite high and, despite certain reproduction problems, they are able to produce for a long time in the ecological and forage conditions of their breeding zone.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.