vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2022-362-9-47-53vetpress-2257Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINEВлияние совместного использования гаммаокталактона и хлортетрациклина в рационе бройлеров: живая масса, эффективность использования корма и микробиом слепого кишечникаThe effect of the combined use of gammaoctalactone and chlortetracycline in the broiler diet: live weight, feed efficiency and the microbiome of the caecumhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-8367ДускаевГ. К.DuskaevG. K.

доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С.Г. Леушина,

29, ул. 9 Января, г. Оренбург, 460000

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Department of Farm Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin,

29, st. Yanvarya 9, Orenburg, 460000

gduskaev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-9499РахматуллинШ. Г.RakhmatullinSh. G.

кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, 

29, ул. 9 Января, г. Оренбург, 460000

PhD, senior researcher,

29, st. Yanvarya 9, Orenburg, 460000

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2621-108XКосянД. Б.KosyanD. B.

кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник,

29, ул. 9 Января, г. Оренбург, 460000

PhD, senior researcher, 

29, st. Yanvarya 9, Orenburg, 460000

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1622-1284РусаковаЕ. А.RusakovaE. A.

кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник, 

29, ул. 9 Января, г. Оренбург, 460000

Phd, research scientist, 

29, st. Yanvarya 9, Orenburg, 460000

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-7002КванО. В.KvanO. V.

кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник,

29, ул. 9 Января, г. Оренбург, 460000

PhD, senior researcher,

29, st. Yanvarya 9, Orenburg, 460000

ЛевахинГ. И.LevakhinG. I.

доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С.Г. Леушина,

29, ул. 9 Января, г. Оренбург, 460000

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin,

29, st. Yanvarya 9, Orenburg, 460000

Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий РАНРоссияFederal Scientific Center for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202211112022094753Copyright © Дускаев Г.К., Рахматуллин Ш.Г., Косян Д.Б., Русакова Е.А., Кван О.В., Левахин Г.И., 20222022Дускаев Г.К., Рахматуллин Ш.Г., Косян Д.Б., Русакова Е.А., Кван О.В., Левахин Г.И.Duskaev G.K., Rakhmatullin S.G., Kosyan D.B., Rusakova E.A., Kvan O.V., Levakhin G.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2257Актуальность и методика

Актуальность и методика. Проведена оценка совместного использования гамма-окталактона и хлортетрациклина в рационе бройлеров на рост, развитие, состояние организма и эффективность использования корма. Гамма-окталактон выделен из экстракта Eucalyptus viminalis. Схема эксперимента включала контрольную группу — основной рацион (ОР); I группа (положительный контроль) — ОР + хлортетрациклин (20%), 0,63 г на 1 кг массы тела в течение 20 дней; II группа — ОР + гамма-окталактон в дозировке 0,1 мл/кг ж.м./сут.; III группа — ОР + гамма-окталактон + хлортетрациклин (20%).

Результаты

Результаты. В ходе исследований было установлено преимущество по живой массе опытных бройлеров над контролем. Наибольшей живой массой отличались бройлеры, получавшие с основным рационом гамма-октолактон + хлортетрациклин (на 16,5% больше, чем в контроле). Аналогичная ситуация наблюдалась и по приростам живой массы. Бройлеры опытных групп поедали корма больше на 3,23–8,47% на фоне более низкого расхода корма на 1 кг живой массы (на 6,38–10,6%) по сравнению с контролем. Бройлеры из III группы имели большее содержание эритроцитов (на 12,6–30,7%) и массу селезенки. Микробный профиль бройлеров III группы (сочетание гамма-окталактона и хлортетрациклина) был представлен микроорганизмами, относящимся к 4 филумам. Доминатом являлся филум Firmicutes (81,3%). Сравнение с контролем показало, что сочетание веществ уменьшило численность бактерий данного филума на 4,46% на фоне увеличения количества представителей филума Bacteroidetes на 9,32%. Наблюдалось увеличение представителей родов Alistipes, Lactobacillus и неклассифицированных родов семейства Clostridiales, при этом уменьшалось количество представителей неклассифицированных родов семейства Ruminococcaceae. Таким образом, при совместном использовании гамма-окталактона с хлортетрациклином усиливается ростостимулирующий эффект на фоне высокой поедаемости корма, снижения расхода корма на 1 кг живой массы, увеличения эритропоэза и лейкоцитов в крови. 

Relevance, materials and methods. The experimental scheme included the control group — the main diet (MD); group I (positive control) — MD + chlortetracycline (20%) 0.63 g per 1 kg of body weight for 20 days; group II — MD + gamma-octalactone at a dosage of 0.1 ml/kg of b.w./day; III group — MD + gammaoctalactone + chlortetracycline (20%).

Results. In the course of research, the advantage of the live weight of experimental broilers over the control was established. The broilers that received gamma-octolactone + chlortetracycline with the main dietwere distinguished by the greatest live weight (16.5% more than in the control) . A similar situation was observed in terms of live weight gains. Broilers of the experimental groups ate more feed (by 3.23–8.47%), against the background of low feed consumption per 1 kg of live weight (by 6.38–10.6%) compared to the control. Broilers from group III had a higher content of erythrocytes (by 12.6–30.7%) and the weight of the spleen. The microbial profile of group III broilers (a combination of gamma-octalactone and chlortetracycline) was represented by microorganisms belonging to 4 phylum. The dominant phylum was Firmicutes (81.3%). Comparison with the control showed that the combination of substances reduced the number of bacteria of this phylum by 4.46%, against the background of an increase in the number of representatives of the Bacteroidetes phylum by 9.32% relative to the control. There was an increase in representatives of the genera Alistipes, Lactobacillus and unclassified genera of the family Clostridiales, while the number of representatives of unclassified genera of the family Ruminococcaceae decreased. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.