vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2022-362-9-65-68vetpress-2262Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINEВзаимосвязь продуктивного долголетия и воспроизводительных функций у коровCorrelation of productive longevity and reproductive functions in dairy cowshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-8835ХарлапС. Ю.HarlapS. Yu.

Кандидат биологических наук, доцент,

 ул. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075

candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor,

42 Karl Liebknecht, str., Yekaterinburg, 620075

proffuniver@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-2069ГореликО. В.GorelikO. V.

доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, ул. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075;

ул. Белинского, 112а, Екатеринбург, 620142

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, 42 Karl Liebknecht, str., Yekaterinburg, 620075;

112a Belinsky str., Yekaterinburg, 620142

olgao205en@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-9698СафроновС. Л.SafronovS. L.

доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент,

Черниговская ул., 5, Санкт-Петербург, 196084

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,

5 Chernigovskaya str., St. Petersburg, 196084

safronovsl@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-4925ГриценкоС. А.GritsenkoS. A.

Доктор биологических наук, доцент,

ул. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457103

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor,

13 Gagarin str., Troitsk, 457103

zf.usavm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1083-5832БелооковА. А.BelookovA. A.

доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент,

ул. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457103

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,

13 Gagarin str., Troitsk, 457103

belookov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-6631ЖуравельВ. В.ZhuravelV. V.

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент,

ул. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457103

candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,

13 Gagarin str., Troitsk, 457103

zhu123456@mail.ruУральский государственный аграрный университетРоссияUral State Agrarian UniversityRussian FederationУральский государственный аграрный университет; Уральский федеральный аграрный научно-исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияUral State Agrarian University; Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медициныРоссияSt.Petersburg State University of Veterinary MedicineRussian FederationЮжно-Уральский государственный аграрный университетРоссияSouth Ural State Agrarian UniversityRussian Federation202211112022096568Copyright © Харлап С.Ю., Горелик О.В., Сафронов С.Л., Гриценко С.А., Белооков А.А., Журавель В.В., 20222022Харлап С.Ю., Горелик О.В., Сафронов С.Л., Гриценко С.А., Белооков А.А., Журавель В.В.Harlap S.Y., Gorelik O.V., Safronov S.L., Gritsenko S.A., Belookov A.A., Zhuravel V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2262

Уральский тип отечественной черно-пестрой породы отличается высокими показателями продуктивности, хорошей пригодностью к использованию в условиях промышленной технологии молока. Повышение продуктивности привело к снижению у маточного поголовья воспроизводительных функций. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что при длительном использовании удой коров закономерно изменяется, достигая наивысших показателей у полновозрастных животных к 3-й лактации, а затем постепенно снижается, оставаясь достаточно высоким и стабильным. Снижение составляет от 13 кг (4-я лактация относительно 3-й) до 663 кг (начиная с 4-й по 8-ю лактации), то есть на 132,6 кг в среднем за лактацию, или на 1,7%. Качественные показатели молока изменялись в сторону повышения с 1-й по 10-ю лактацию. Более изменчивыми оказались показатели по удою — они имели коэффициент изменчивости от 20,7 до 17,6, что говорит о достаточно широкой возможности отбора по этому признаку в стаде. Удой за лактацию не имеет взаимосвязи с длительностью сервис-периода и повышение воспроизводительных функций современного голштинизированного черно-пестрого скота не окажет отрицательного воздействия на удой коров. 

The Ural type of the domestic Black-and-White mottled breed is characterized high milk-yield rates and good suitability for industrial milking technology. The milk yield increase led to a deterioration of reproductive functions in the livestock. As a result of the research it was found that in the process of prolonged using of the cattle, the milk yield of cows regularly changes, reaching the highest rates among the mature cows by the 3rd lactation, and then gradually decreases, remaining sufficiently high and stable. The decrease of the milk yield starts from 13 kg (in the 4th lactation in comparison with the 3rd lactation) and goes to 663 kg (from 4th to 8th lactations). That decrease makes on average 132.6 kg per lactation period, or by 1.7%. The quality indicators of milk changed to the better from the 1st to the 10th lactation. The indicators for milk yield turned out to be more variable; they had a coefficient of variability from 20.7 to 17.6, which indicates a quite wide possibility of selection in the herd by this trait. The milk yield per lactation is not related with duration of service period; and increase of reproductive functions in the modern Holsteinized Black-and-White mottled cattle will not provide a negative impact on the milk yield of the cows. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.