vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2022-362-9-69-73vetpress-2263Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINEОсобенности обмена веществ у коров при скармливании в рационах энергетических добавокFeatures of metabolism in cows fed with diets with energy supplementsМиколайчикИ. Н.MikolaychikI. N.

доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор,

с, Лесниково, Кетовский р-н, Курганская обл., 641300

doctor of agricultural sciences, professor,

Lesnikovo village, Ketovsky district, Kurgan region, 641300

min_ksaa@mail.ruМорозоваЛ. А.MorozovaL. A.

доктор биологических наук, профессор,

с. Лесниково, Кетовский р-н, Курганская обл., 641300

doctor of biological sciences, professor,

Lesnikovo village, Ketovsky district, Kurgan region, 641300

morozova-la72@mail.ruЧумаковВ. Г.ChumakovV. G.

доктор технических наук, доцент,

с. Лесниково, Кетовский р-н, Курганская обл., 641300

doctor of technical sciences, associate professor,

Lesnikovo village, Ketovsky district, Kurgan region, 641300

vgchumakov@mail.ruМорозовВ. А.MorozovV. A.

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ст. преподаватель,

с. Лесниково, Кетовский р-н, Курганская обл., 641300

candidate of agricultural sciences, Senior Lecturer,

Lesnikovo village, Ketovsky district, Kurgan region, 641300

morozikkz@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-9698СафроновС. Л.SafronovS. L.

доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент,

Черниговская ул., 5, Санкт-Петербург, 196084

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,

5 Chernigovskaya str., St. Petersburg, 196084

safronovsl@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0372-6109КульмаковаН. И.KulmakovaN. I.

доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент,

Тимирязевская улица, 49, Москва, 127550

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,

49 Timiryazevskaya str., Moscow, 127550

kni11@mail.ruКурганская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия им. Т.С. МальцеваРоссияKurgan State Agricultural Academy by T.S. MaltsevRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медициныРоссияSt.Petersburg State University of Veterinary MedicineRussian FederationРоссийский государственный аграрный университет — МСХА имени К.А. ТимирязеваРоссияRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian Federation202212112022096973Copyright © Миколайчик И.Н., Морозова Л.А., Чумаков В.Г., Морозов В.А., Сафронов С.Л., Кульмакова Н.И., 20222022Миколайчик И.Н., Морозова Л.А., Чумаков В.Г., Морозов В.А., Сафронов С.Л., Кульмакова Н.И.Mikolaychik I.N., Morozova L.A., Chumakov V.G., Morozov V.A., Safronov S.L., Kulmakova N.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2263

Цель работы — изучить влияние энергетических добавок на переваримость и использование питательных веществ рационов высокопродуктивными коровами в период раздоя. Научно-хозяйственный опыт проводился в ЗАО «Глинки» Курганской области. Для его проведения были сформированы три группы коров черно-пестрой породы по принципу аналогов. Исследованиями установлено, что скармливание коровам энергетической добавки «Лакто С» повысило переваримость сухого вещества на 1,68%; органического вещества — на 1,53%; сырого протеина — на 2,25% (Р < 0,05); сырой клетчатки — на 2,40%; сырого жира — на 3,47%; БЭВ — на 0,84%, а также изменило концентрацию водородных ионов на 0,16 единиц, увеличило количество ЛЖК на 15,51 ед. (Р > 0,05), количество уксусной и пропионовой кислот — на 2,48 и 0,70%, а также на 3,59 и 4,11% снизило уровень общего азота и аммиака в рубцовой жидкости животных. Использование энергетической добавки «Лакто С» в период раздоя коров обеспечило более эффективное использование энергии корма на образование молока на 11,98% (12,47 МДж) (Р < 0,05) по сравнению с контрольной группой. Экспериментально обоснована зоотехническая целесообразность применения энергетических добавок «Лакто С» и «Extima 100» в рационах высокопродуктивных коров с целью усиления процессов пищеварения и обмена веществ в их организме. 

The aim of this work is to study the effect that energy supplements provide on the digestibility and application of nutrients in high-yielding cows diets during their milking period. The scientific and economic experiment was run at CJSC “Glinki” in Kurgan region. For this experiment, three groups were formed, which consisted of Black-and-White cows, according to the principle of analogues. Studies showed that feeding cows with the energy supplement “Lakto S” increased the digestibility of dry matter by 1.68%; of organic matter — by 1.53%; of crude protein — by 2.25 (P < 0.05)%; of crude fiber — by 2.40%; of crude fat — by 3.47%; nitrogen-free extractable substances — by 0.84%, and also changed the concentration of hydrogen ions by 0.16 units, increased VFA by 15.51units (P > 0.05), changed the amount of acetic and propionic acids — by 2.48 and 0.70%, and reduced the level of total nitrogen and ammonia in the rumen of cows by 3.59 and 4.11% respectively. The energy supplement “Lacto S”, fed to the cows during their milking period, provided more efficient use of feed energy for milk production by 11.98% (12.47 MJ) (P < 0.05) in comparison with the control group. The zootechnical feasibility of using the energy supplements “Lacto S” and “Extima 100” in the diets of high-yielding cows in order to enhance the processes of digestion and metabolism in their bodies has been experimentally substantiated. 

коровымолокопродуктивностьэнергетическая добавкачерно-пестрая породамолочное скотоводствоcowsmilkproductivityenergy supplementBlack-and-White breeddairy cattle breedingReferencesBudnikova O.N., Gamko L.N. Energy feed additive in the diets of pregnant dry cows. Agrarian science. 2022; 355(1): 44–47. (In Russian)Budnikova O.N., Gamko L.N. Energy feed additive in the diets of pregnant dry cows. Agrarian science. 2022; 355(1): 44–47. (In Russian)Sheveleva O.M., Smirnova T.N., Sukhikh N.S. Influence of milking intensity of first lactation cows on the longevity of cows, their lifelong productivity. Agro-food policy of Russia. 2020; (3): 40–43. (In Russian)Sheveleva O.M., Smirnova T.N., Sukhikh N.S. Influence of milking intensity of first lactation cows on the longevity of cows, their lifelong productivity. Agro-food policy of Russia. 2020; (3): 40–43. (In Russian)Zimnyakov V.M., Kurochkin A.A. Influence of time parameters of preparation of heifers for lactation on the formation of the milk ejection reflex in first-calf heifers. Technique and technology in animal husbandry. 2021; 41(1): 42–45. (In Russian)Zimnyakov V.M., Kurochkin A.A. Influence of time parameters of preparation of heifers for lactation on the formation of the milk ejection reflex in first-calf heifers. Technique and technology in animal husbandry. 2021; 41(1): 42–45. (In Russian)Gorelik O.V., Kosilov V.I., Mkrtchyan G.V., Mekhtieva K.S., Bakai F.R. Spin age-dependent correlation between live weight and milk yield of cows. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 839(3). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/839/3/032004Gorelik O.V., Kosilov V.I., Mkrtchyan G.V., Mekhtieva K.S., Bakai F.R. Spin age-dependent correlation between live weight and milk yield of cows. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 839(3). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/839/3/032004Sheida E.V. et. al. Changes in the taxonomic composition of the rumen microbiome during the dietary supplements administration. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 12058. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/848/1/012058Sheida E.V. et. al. Changes in the taxonomic composition of the rumen microbiome during the dietary supplements administration. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 12058. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/848/1/012058Duskaev G., Nurzhanov B., Rysaev A., Rakhmatullin Sh., Inchagova K. The effect of a plant extract or in mixture with a prebiotic on microbiota of cattle rumen. Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment. 2021; 35(S1): 70. DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1871545Duskaev G., Nurzhanov B., Rysaev A., Rakhmatullin Sh., Inchagova K. The effect of a plant extract or in mixture with a prebiotic on microbiota of cattle rumen. Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment. 2021; 35(S1): 70. DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1871545Gorelik O.V., Pavlova J.S., Shvechikhina T.Y., Arapova O.A., Ponomareva L.F. 2021 The relationship of economic and useful traits in the Ural type cows of the black-and-white breed. E3S Web of Conferences. 2021; 254. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/677/3/032019Gorelik O.V., Pavlova J.S., Shvechikhina T.Y., Arapova O.A., Ponomareva L.F. 2021 The relationship of economic and useful traits in the Ural type cows of the black-and-white breed. E3S Web of Conferences. 2021; 254. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/677/3/032019Mikolaychik I.N., Gorelik O.V., Nenahov V.V., Morozova L.A., Safronov S.L. The relationship between the duration of the service period and the milk yield of the holsteinized black-mottled breed. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 677(4). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/677/4/042016Mikolaychik I.N., Gorelik O.V., Nenahov V.V., Morozova L.A., Safronov S.L. The relationship between the duration of the service period and the milk yield of the holsteinized black-mottled breed. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 677(4). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/677/4/042016Makaeva A., Atlanderova K., Duskaev G., Nurzhanov B., Rysaev A. Effects of folia betulae and méntha piperíta extracts on microbiological and enzymatic characteristics of cattle rumen. Journal of Animal Science. 2020; 98(S4):257–258. DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa278.465Makaeva A., Atlanderova K., Duskaev G., Nurzhanov B., Rysaev A. Effects of folia betulae and méntha piperíta extracts on microbiological and enzymatic characteristics of cattle rumen. Journal of Animal Science. 2020; 98(S4):257–258. DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa278.465Mikolaichik I.N. et. al. Microbiological supplements for the metabolic rate correction in calves. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management and Applied Sciences and Technologies. 2020; 11(2). DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.39Mikolaichik I.N. et. al. Microbiological supplements for the metabolic rate correction in calves. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management and Applied Sciences and Technologies. 2020; 11(2). DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.39Morozova L. Improving the physiological and biochemical status of high-yielding cows through complete feeding. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2020; 12. DOI:10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP1.319Morozova L. Improving the physiological and biochemical status of high-yielding cows through complete feeding. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2020; 12. DOI:10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP1.319Buryakov N. et al. 2019 Influence of protein concentrate in the diet on productivity and amino acid composition of cow milk. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. The proceedings of the conference AgroCON-2019. 2019; 341. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/341/1/012057Buryakov N. et al. 2019 Influence of protein concentrate in the diet on productivity and amino acid composition of cow milk. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. The proceedings of the conference AgroCON-2019. 2019; 341. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/341/1/012057Gorelik O.V., Afonina D.A., Likhodeevskaya O.E., Zezin N.N. Productive qualities of holstein black-and-white cattle of different genotypes according to kappa-casein. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 848(1). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/848/1/012076Gorelik O.V., Afonina D.A., Likhodeevskaya O.E., Zezin N.N. Productive qualities of holstein black-and-white cattle of different genotypes according to kappa-casein. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 848(1). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/848/1/012076Fedoseeva N.A., Gorelik O.V., Gorelik A.S., Belookov A.A., Mizhevikina A.S. Evaluation of the efficiency of using black-mottled cows of the ural type. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 677(2). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/677/2/022105Fedoseeva N.A., Gorelik O.V., Gorelik A.S., Belookov A.A., Mizhevikina A.S. Evaluation of the efficiency of using black-mottled cows of the ural type. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 677(2). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/677/2/022105Gorelik A., Gorelik O., Miftakhutdinov A., Smolyakova N., Zernina S. Correlation of performance traits of black-and-white first-calves. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 848(1). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/848/1/012072Gorelik A., Gorelik O., Miftakhutdinov A., Smolyakova N., Zernina S. Correlation of performance traits of black-and-white first-calves. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 848(1). DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/848/1/012072Smakuyev D. et. al. Acclimatization and productive qualities of american origin aberdeen-angus cattle pastured at the submontane area of the northern Caucasus. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. 2021; 20(7). DOI:10.1016/j.jssas.2021.05.011Smakuyev D. et. al. Acclimatization and productive qualities of american origin aberdeen-angus cattle pastured at the submontane area of the northern Caucasus. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. 2021; 20(7). DOI:10.1016/j.jssas.2021.05.011Mitsurina E.A., Gamko L.N. Qualitative indicators of milk, the productivity of lactating cows and changes in blood composition when feeding mineral supplements. Agrarian science. 2021; 344(1): 26–29. (In Russian)Mitsurina E.A., Gamko L.N. Qualitative indicators of milk, the productivity of lactating cows and changes in blood composition when feeding mineral supplements. Agrarian science. 2021; 344(1): 26–29. (In Russian)

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.