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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2022-362-9-126-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-2271</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОНОМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность методов отбора исходного материала льна масличного в первичном семеноводстве</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficiency of methods for selecting the initial material of oil flax in primary seed production</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Понажев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponazhev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник, академик РАЕН, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории селекционных технологий и биотехнологий,</p><p>17/56, Комсомольский проспект, Тверь, 170041</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Breeding Technologies and Biotechnologies of Agricultural Technologies,</p><p>17/56, Komsomolsky Prospekt, Tver, 170041</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.ponazhev.trk@fnclk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр лубяных культур</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center for Bast Crops</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>126</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Понажев В.П., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Понажев В.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponazhev V.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2271">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2271</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Эффективность первичного семеноводства льна масличного во многом зависит от методов отбора растений и создания обновленных (оригинальных) семян, которые по-прежнему остаются сложными и трудоёмкими. Разработка новых, более совершенных, методов отбора исходного материала культуры, направленных на снижение трудоемкости, затрат труда и ускорение работ на начальных этапах семеноводства, является актуальным и имеет практическое значение.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Объектом исследований являлся процесс отбора и тестирования растений льна масличного по соответствующим признакам, предметом исследований — типичные растения и полученные из них семена. Эксперименты выполняли в соответствии с методиками проведения полевых опытов, а также методическими рекомендациями по семеноводству льна масличного. Оценку сортового качества семян осуществляли методом грунтового контроля. Содержание в почве фосфора и калия определяли методом Кирсанова, а кислотность почвы — ионометрическим методом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что метод отбора растений льна масличного по новому признаку — сроку зацветания — по сравнению с принятым аналогом позволил увеличить выход обновленных (оригинальных) семян на 35,6%, повысить их однородность по массе семени на 8%, силу семян —на 9,1%, снизить затраты труда на 31%. Методом грунтового контроля установлен высокий уровень сортового качества семян, созданных с использованием отбора по новому признаку. Выявлено, что негативный отбор, предусматривающий удаление нетипичных по морфологическим признакам растений, обеспечил по сравнению с контролем увеличение выхода семян на 22,6%, улучшение их морфофизиологических свойств, в том числе повышение силы семян на 13,6%, увеличение длины проростка семени на 25%, а также снижение затрат труда на 23,5%. Рeзультаты грунтового контроля показали, что данный метод позволил получить однородный по цвету оригинальный материал, а также растения, обладающие необходимой выравненностью по высоте и содержанию волокна в стебле. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The efficiency of primary oil flax seed production largely depends on the methods of plant selection and the creation of updated (original) seeds, which still remain complex and time consuming. The development of new, more advanced methods for selecting the initial crop material, aimed at reducing labor intensity, labor costs and speeding up work at the initial stages of seed production, is relevant and has practical significance. Methods. The object of research was the process of selection and testing of oil flax plants according to the relevant characteristics, the subject of research was typical plants and seeds obtained from them. The experiments were carried out in accordance with the methods of field experiments, as well as methodological recommendations for seed production of oil flax. The varietal quality of seeds was assessed by the method of soil control. The content of phosphorus and potassium in the soil was determined by the Kirsanov method, and the acidity of the soil was determined by the ionometric method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It has been established that the method of selecting oil flax plants according to a new trait — the flowering period, compared with the accepted analogue, made it possible to increase the yield of renewed (original) seeds by 35.6%, increase their uniformity in seed weight by 8%, seed strength —by 9.1%, reduce labor costs by 31%. The method of soil control established a high level of varietal quality of seeds created using selection for a new trait. It was revealed that negative selection, which involves the removal of plants that are atypical in terms of morphological characteristics, provided, compared with the control, an increase in seed yield by 22.6%, an improvement in their morphological and physiological properties, including an increase in seed strength by 13.6%, an increase in the length of the seedling seed by 25%, as well as a reduction in labor costs by 23.5%. The results of soil testing showed that this method allowed us to obtain original material uniform in color, as well as plants with the necessary evenness in height and fiber content in the stem. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лен</kwd><kwd>семена</kwd><kwd>высшие репродукции</kwd><kwd>семеноводство</kwd><kwd>методы отбора</kwd><kwd>исходный материал</kwd><kwd>сорта</kwd><kwd>сортовые качества</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>flax</kwd><kwd>seeds</kwd><kwd>higher reproductions</kwd><kwd>seed production</kwd><kwd>selection methods</kwd><kwd>source material</kwd><kwd>varieties</kwd><kwd>varietal qualities</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены в рамках Государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Федеральный научный центр лубяных культур по теме № FGSS 2019-0016.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the State Order of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education Federal Scientific Center for Bast Crops on the topic No. FGSS 2019-0016.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лукомец В.М., Бочкарев Н.И., Горлов С.Л. 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