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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2022-363-10-69-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-2316</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние степени инбридинга на эффективность производства молока</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of inbreeding degree on the milk yield efficiency</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-2069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелик</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelik</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075;</p><p>ул. Белинского, 112а, Екатеринбург, 620142</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, 42 Karl Liebknecht, str., Yekaterinburg, 620075;</p><p>112a Belinsky str., Yekaterinburg, 620142</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgao205en@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-5143</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ребезов</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rebezov</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075;</p><p>ул. Талалихина, 26, Москва, 109316</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, 42 Karl Liebknecht, str., Yekaterinburg,620075;</p><p>26 Talalikhin, str., Moscow, 109316</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rebezov@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костомахин</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostomakhin</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор,</p><p>Тимирязевская улица, 49, Москва, 127550</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of biological sciences, professor,</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya str., Moscow, 127550</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kostomakhin@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-8835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харлап</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharlap</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, доцент,</p><p>42, Екатеринбург, 620075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor,</p><p>42 Karl Liebknecht str., Yekaterinburg, 620075</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">proffuniver@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1083-5832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белооков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belookov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент,</p><p>ул. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457103, Челябинская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,</p><p>13 Gagarin str., Troitsk, 457103, Chelyabinsk region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belookov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоокова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belookova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент,</p><p>ул. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457103, Челябинская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,</p><p>13 Gagarin str., Troitsk, 457103, Chelyabinsk region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belookov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0372-6109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кульмакова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulmakova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент,</p><p>Тимирязевская улица, 49, Москва, 127550</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya str., Moscow, 127550</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kni11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный аграрный университет;&#13;
Уральский федеральный аграрный научно-исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Agrarian University;&#13;
Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный аграрный университет;&#13;
Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатого Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Agrarian University;&#13;
Federal Scientific Center of Food Systems named after V.M. Gorbatov of the Russian&#13;
Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет — МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный аграрный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский государственный аграрный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горелик О.В., Ребезов М.Б., Костомахин Н.М., Харлап С.Ю., Белооков А.А., Белоокова О.В., Кульмакова Н.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горелик О.В., Ребезов М.Б., Костомахин Н.М., Харлап С.Ю., Белооков А.А., Белоокова О.В., Кульмакова Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorelik O.V., Rebezov M.B., Kostomakhin N.M., Kharlap S.Y., Belookov A.A., Belookova O.V., Kulmakova N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2316">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2316</self-uri><abstract><p>Уральский тип отечественной черно-пестрой породы отличается высокими показателями продуктивности, хорошей пригодностью к использованию в условиях промышленной технологии молока, но длительность его продуктивного долголетия составляет 2,4–2,6 лактации, хотя в стадах имеется поголовье коров с продолжительность использования до 10 лактаций. Снижение продуктивного долголетия связано, в частности, с воспроизводительными качествами. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что наиболее устойчивыми к длительному использованию в условиях молочных комплексов промышленного производства молока племенных репродукторов оказались коровы линии Силинг Трайджун Рокита, продолжительность продуктивного периода у которых оказалась 4,0 лактации. В других линиях она колебалась от 1,8 (линия Пабст Говернера) до 2,5 (линия Монтвик Чифтейна) лактаций. Низкий коэффициент воспроизводительной способности (менее 0,95) указывает на имеющиеся проблемы с воспроизводством в стаде. Современный голштинизированный черно-пестрый скот, разводимый в Свердловской области, обладает высокими племенными качествами. Потенциал их использования достаточно высок и, несмотря на определенные проблемы с воспроизводством, эти животные могут длительное время продуктировать в эколого-кормовых условиях зоны разведения. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Ural type of the domestic Black-and-White mottled breed of cattle features high rates of milk productivity, good suitability for industrial milking technology, but the productive longevity is 2.4–2.6 lactations only, although in the herds there are livestock of cows with a productive longevity up to 10 lactations. The decline in productive longevity is associated with deterioration of reproductive qualities of the cows. In result of the research it was found that the most resistant to long-term use in conditions of dairy complexes for industrial milk production in pedigree reproducing farms were the cows of the Siling Trajun Rokita line. Their productive period was 4.0 lactations. In other lines, the productive longevity ranged from 1.8 (Pabst Governor’s line) to 2.5 (Montvik Chieftain’s line) lactations. A low fertility rate (less than 0.95) indicates the presence of reproduction problems in the herd. The modern Holsteinized black-and-white mottled cattle, bred in Sverdlovsk region, possess high breeding qualities. The potential of their use is quite high and, despite certain problems with reproduction system, they can produce for a long time in the environmental and forage conditions of the breeding zone. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>корова</kwd><kwd>молоко</kwd><kwd>продуктивность</kwd><kwd>удой</kwd><kwd>лактация</kwd><kwd>голштинизированная черно-пестрая</kwd><kwd>порода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cow</kwd><kwd>milk</kwd><kwd>productivity</kwd><kwd>milk yield</kwd><kwd>lactation</kwd><kwd>Holsteinized black-and-white breed</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sheveleva O.M., Smirnova T.N., Sukhikh N.S. Influence of milking intensity of first lactation cows on the longevity of cows, their lifelong productivity. Agro-food policy of Russia. 2020; (3): 40-43. 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