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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2022-365-12-76-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-2409</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние биотических факторов на параметры ядрышек в интерфазных клетках</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of biotic factors on the parameters of the nucleolus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5386-7263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иолчиев</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iolchiev</surname><given-names>B. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Байлар Садраддинович Иолчиев, доктор биологических наук</p><p>142132</p><p>Московская область</p><p>Подольск</p><p>Дубровицы, 60</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Baylar S. Iolchiev, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Cell Engineering</p><p>142132</p><p>60, Dubrovitsy</p><p>Moscow region</p><p>Podolsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baylar1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4617-1644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новгородова</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novgorodova</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инна Петровна Новгородова, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>142132</p><p>Московская область</p><p>Подольск</p><p>Дубровицы, 60</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna P. Novgorodova,  Candidate of Biological Sciences</p><p>142132</p><p>60, Dubrovitsy</p><p>Moscow region</p><p>Podolsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novg-inna2005@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-1297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прытков</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prytkov</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Александрович Прытков, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>Дубровицы, 60</p><p>Московская область</p><p>Подольск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri A. Prytkov, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher</p><p>142132</p><p>60, Dubrovitsy</p><p>Moscow region</p><p>Podolsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prytkov_y@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2266-1275</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кленовицкий</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klenovitsky</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Михайлович Кленовицкий, доктор биологических наук, профессор</p><p>142132</p><p>Дубровицы, 60</p><p>Московская область</p><p>Подольск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel M. Klenovitsky, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor</p><p>142132</p><p>60, Dubrovitsy</p><p>Moscow region</p><p>Podolsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3092-248X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хуснетдинова</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusnutdinova</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нелли Федоровна Хуснетдинова, кандидат биологических наук, доцент</p><p>109472</p><p>ул. Академика Скрябина, 23</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nelly F. Khusnutdinova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor</p><p>109472</p><p>23, Scryabin Str.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vet-doc@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3240-4603</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Силантьева</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Silantieva</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Олеговна Силантьев, аспирант</p><p>142132</p><p>Дубровицы, 60</p><p>Московская область</p><p>Подольск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia O. Silantieva, graduate student</p><p>142132</p><p>60, Dubrovitsy</p><p>Moscow region</p><p>Podolsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9790197@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1248-114X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иолчиев</surname><given-names>Р. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iolchiev</surname><given-names>R. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рустам Байларович Иолчиев, ординатор</p><p>105203</p><p>Нижняя первомайская 70</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustam B. Iolchiev, intern</p><p>105203</p><p>70, Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya str.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rust1906@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ им. академика Л. К. Эрнста<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L. K. Ernst<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии – МВА им. К. И. Скрябина<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K. I. Skryabin<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н. И. Пирогова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical and Surgical Center named after N. I. Pirogov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иолчиев Б.С., Новгородова И.П., Прытков Ю.А., Кленовицкий П.М., Хуснетдинова Н.Ф., Силантьева А.О., Иолчиев Р.Б., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иолчиев Б.С., Новгородова И.П., Прытков Ю.А., Кленовицкий П.М., Хуснетдинова Н.Ф., Силантьева А.О., Иолчиев Р.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iolchiev B.S., Novgorodova I.P., Prytkov Y.A., Klenovitsky P.M., Khusnutdinova N.F., Silantieva A.O., Iolchiev R.B.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2409">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2409</self-uri><abstract><p>   Актуальность. Ядрышки регулируют многие аспекты физиологии клетки, включая организацию генома, реакции на стресс, старение и продолжительность жизни. Количество видимых ядрышек в клетке варьирует в зависимости от клеточного цикла, клеточной активности или статуса дифференцировки.</p><p>   Целью исследования являлось изучение влияния биотических факторов на параметры ядрышек клеток животных в зависимости от их вида (овцы (Ovis), козы (Capra)) и типа скрещивания (межвидовые гибриды).   Материалы и методы. Исследования проведены в Федеральном исследовательском центре животноводства – ВИЖ им. академика Л. К. Эрнста. Объектом исследования были домашние овцы романовской породы и их гибриды (½ романовская овца х ½ муфлон), а также козы карачаевской породы и их гибриды (¾ карачаевская коза х ¼ кавказский тур). Материалом исследования служили препараты венозной крови, приготовленные по методике Хавелла – Блейка. Для микроскопии и визуализации препаратов использовали микроскоп «Nikon Eclipse Ni», оборудованный цифровой видеокамерой «DS-Qi2». Обработку фото- и видеоматериалов проводили с помощью программного обеспечения «NIS-Elements BR4.30» и «Imаge Scope 1.0».   Результаты. Установлено, что у межвидовых гибридов коз ( ¾ карачаевская коза х ¼ кавказский тур) количество ядрышкообразующих областей (ЯОР) на 17 % больше, чем у чистопородных особей, в то время как особи межвидовых гибридов овец ( ½ домашняя овца х ½ муфлон) превосходили своих чистопородных аналогов по данному показателю на 47 %. Эксцесс и асимметрия ЯОР в популяции чистопородных коз и их гибридов с кавказским туром имеют одинаковые направления. Результаты дисперсионного анализа указывают на то, что влияние видовой особенности на размер ядрышек в исследуемых популяциях не имеет статистически достоверного значения. Среднее значение диаметра ядрышка у представителей вида Capra составило 6,17 ± 0,45 мкм, рода Ovis – 6,63 ± 0,32 мкм.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Relevance. The nucleolus regulates many aspects of cell physiology, including genome organization, stress response, aging, and lifespan. The number of visible nucleoli per cell varies depending on the cell cycle, cellular activity, or differentiation status.</p><p>   The aim of the study was to study the influence of abiotic factors on the parameters of animal nucleoli depending on their species (genus Ovis and genus Capra) and type of crossing (interspecific hybrids).   Materials and methods. The studies were carried out at the Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L. K. Ernst. The object of the study were domestic sheep (Romanov breed) and its hybrids (½ Romanov sheep x ½ mouflon), as well as goats of the Karachay breed and their hybrids (¾ Karachay goat x ¼ caucasian tur). The material of the study was preparations obtained from venous blood and prepared according to the Havell – Blake method. For microscopy and visualization of preparations, a “Nikon Eclipse Ni” microscope equipped with a “DS-Qi2” digital video camera was used. The processing of photo- and videomaterials was carried out using the “NIS-Elements BR4.30” and “Image Scope 1.0” software.   Results. It has been established that in interspecific hybrids of goats (¾ Karachai goat x ¼ caucasian tur) the number of nucleolar-organizing regions (NOR) is 17 % more than in purebred individuals, while individual of interspecific hybrids of sheep (½ Romanov sheep x ½ mouflon) exceeded their purebred counterparts in this indicator by 47 %. The kurtosis and asymmetry of NOR in the population of purebred goats and their hybrids with the caucasian tur have the same directions. The results of the analysis of variance indicate that the effect of species on the size of the nucleoli in the studied populations is not statistically significant. The average value of the nucleolus diameter in representatives of the genus Capra was 6.17 ± 0.45 μm, genus Ovis – 6.63 ± 0.32 μm.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ядрышки</kwd><kwd>ядрышкообразующие области (ЯОР)</kwd><kwd>гибриды животных</kwd><kwd>овца (Ovis aries)</kwd><kwd>коза (Capra)</kwd><kwd>частота распределения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nucleolus</kwd><kwd>nucleolar-organizing region (NOR)</kwd><kwd>animal hybrids</kwd><kwd>genus Ovis</kwd><kwd>genus Capra</kwd><kwd>frequency of distribution</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена при поддержке РФФИ: проект № 20-016-00116А</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research: project No. 20-016-00116А</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kalinina N. 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