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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2023-368-3-22-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-2534</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Краниологическая коллекция Музея животноводства им. Е.Ф. Лискуна как объект изучения морфологических, генетических и зоотехнических особенностей пород крупного рогатого скота</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The craniological collection of the Museum of Animal Husbandry named after E.F. Liskun, as an object of study of morphological, genetic and zootechnical features of cattle breeds</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4650-1893</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трухачев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trukhachev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Иванович Трухачев - доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доктор экономическихнаук, академик РАН, ректор</p><p>ул. Тимирязевская, 49, Москва, 127434, РоссийскаяФедерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir Ivanovich Trukhachev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Doctor of Economics, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rector</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-5572</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боронецкая</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boronetskaya</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Игоревна Боронецкая - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, директор Музеяживотноводства им. Е.Ф. Лискуна</p><p>ул. Тимирязевская, 49, Москва, 127434, РоссийскаяФедерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana Igorevna Boronetskaya, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Director of the E.F. Liskun Museum of Animal Husbandry </p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liskun@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9202-8611</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остапчук</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostapchuk</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артем Михайлович Остапчук - кандидат биологических наук, заведующий демонстрационно-методическим сектором Музея животноводства им. Е.Ф. Лискуна</p><p>ул. Тимирязевская, 49, Москва, 127434, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem Mikhailovich Ostapchuk, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the Demonstration and Methodological Sector of the E.F. Liskun Museum of Animal Husbandry </p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artem.ostapchuk.1993@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-1131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юлдашбаев</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuldashbaev</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юсупжан Артыкович Юлдашбаев - доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, академик РАН,профессор</p><p>ул. Тимирязевская, 49, Москва, 127434, РоссийскаяФедерация </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yusupzhan Artykovich Yuldashbaev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor </p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zoo@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1769-5043</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каледин</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaledin</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Петрович Каледин - доктор биологических наук, профессор</p><p>ул. Тимирязевская, 49, Москва, 127434, РоссийскаяФедерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly Petrovich Kaledin, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Russian State Agrarian University — Timiryazev Agricultural Academy </p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">apk-bird@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-4641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинников</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Викторович Овчинников - доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор</p><p>ул. Тимирязевская, 49, Москва, 127434, РоссийскаяФедерация </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly Viktorovich Ovchinnikov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aovchinnikov@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1526-9411</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тютюнникова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyutyunnikova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Витальевна Тютюнникова - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший лаборант Музея животноводства им. Е.Ф. Лискуна</p><p>ул. Тимирязевская, 49, Москва, 127434, РоссийскаяФедерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra Vitalievna Tyutyunnikova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences,Senior Laboratory Assistant at the E.F. Liskun Museum of Animal Husbandry </p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liskun@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-4109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рубцова</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rubtsova</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Сергеевна Рубцова - старший лаборант Музея животноводства им. Е.Ф. Лискуна</p><p>ул. Тимирязевская, 49, Москва, 127434, РоссийскаяФедерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina Sergeevna Rubtsova, Senior Laboratory Assistant at the E.F. Liskun Museum of Animal Husbandry </p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liskun@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2489-7778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гриничева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grinicheva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Сергеевна Гриничева - главный хранитель Музея животноводства им. Е.Ф. Лискуна</p><p>ул. Тимирязевская, 49, Москва, 127434, РоссийскаяФедерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia Sergeevna Grinicheva, Chief Curator of the E.F. Liskun Museum of Animal Husbandry </p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liskun@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9355-3285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Александрович Николаев - младший научный сотрудник</p><p>пос. Дубровицы, д. 60, городской округ Подольск, Московская область, 142132, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander Aleksandrovich Nikolaev, Junior Researcher,60 Dubrovitsy village, Podolsk City district, Moscow region, 142132, Russian Federation </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandralces@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет — МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University — K.A. Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry — VIZ Academician L.K. Ernst</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трухачев В.И., Боронецкая О.И., Остапчук А.М., Юлдашбаев Ю.А., Каледин А.П., Овчинников А.В., Тютюнникова А.В., Рубцова И.С., Гриничева А.С., Николаев А.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трухачев В.И., Боронецкая О.И., Остапчук А.М., Юлдашбаев Ю.А., Каледин А.П., Овчинников А.В., Тютюнникова А.В., Рубцова И.С., Гриничева А.С., Николаев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trukhachev V.I., Boronetskaya O.I., Ostapchuk A.M., Yuldashbaev Y.A., Kaledin A.P., Ovchinnikov A.V., Tyutyunnikova A.V., Rubtsova I.S., Grinicheva A.S., Nikolaev A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2534">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2534</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Статья посвящена изучению истории уникальной краниологической коллекции Музея животноводства им. академика Е.Ф. Лискуна и обзору современного состояния краниологических исследований в животноводстве.Методы. Рассмотрены классическая методика измерения краниологического материала академика Е.Ф. Лискуна, его вклад в становление и развитие отечественной краниологической науки. Обсуждается возможность применения методики краниологических исследований, а также пути ее использования в других науках. Особый интерес представляют исследования черепов уже вымерших пород крупного рогатого скота, сохранившихся в коллекции музея. Экспериментальная часть работы проводилась на базе Музея животноводства им. Е.Ф. Лискуна. Материалом послужили черепа пород крупного рогатого скота из краниологической коллекции музея: альгауский скот, великорусский скот, красная тамбовская, ревельский, местный саратовский. Измерения промеров черепов проводились с помощью кронциркуля, измерительной ленты и линейки.Результаты. Исследование исторических музейных экспонатов (черепов) позволяет получить новые данные об эволюции отечественного аллелофонда пород КРС, что дает возможность сравнения его с современными популяциями. Полученные данные найдут применение при разработке программ сохранения пород, а также и в селекции, поскольку локальные породы крупного рогатого скота представляют собой источник генетической изменчивости, обладающий быстрым реагированием на потребности сельскохозяйственного производства, позволяющие глубже изучить эволюционные процессы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. This article deals with the study of history of the unique craniological collection of the Museum of Animal Husbandry named after Academician E.F. Liskun and a review of the current state of craniological research in animal husbandry.Methods. The classical method of measuring the craniological material of Academician E.F. Liskun, his contribution to the formation and development of domestic craniological science is considered. The possibility of applying the craniological research methodology, as well as ways of its use in other sciences are under discussion. Of particular interest are the studies of skulls of extinct cattle breeds preserved in the museum›s collection. The experimental part of the work is based on the collection of the Liskun Museum of Animal Husbandry. The skulls of cattle breeds from the museumʼs craniological collection are examined: «Algau» breed, «Velikorussky Great Russian» breed, «Krasnaya Tambovskaya Red Tambov», «Revelskaya» breed, local «Saratov» varieties. Checks of measurements of skulls were carried out by using the tools as a caliper, a measuring tape and a ruler.Results. The studies of historical museum exhibits (skulls) allow us to obtain new data on the evolution of domestic genetic structure («allelo-fund») of cattle breeds, which makes it possible to compare it with modern populations. The obtained data will be used in the development of breed conservation programs, as well as in breeding, as local cattle breeds are the source of genetic variability that has a rapid response to the needs of agricultural production. The obtained data allow more sophisticated studies of evolutionary processes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>краниология</kwd><kwd>краниологические исследования</kwd><kwd>история коллекции</kwd><kwd>местные породы</kwd><kwd>Е.Ф. Лискун</kwd><kwd>музей животноводства</kwd><kwd>череп</kwd><kwd>ДНК</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>craniology</kwd><kwd>craniological research</kwd><kwd>history of the collection</kwd><kwd>local breeds</kwd><kwd>E.F. 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