vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-371-6-58-64vetpress-2658Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINEВлияние добавок растительных масел на микробиоту рубца жвачных и течение обменных процессов в рубце в in vitro исследованияхThe effect of various additives on the microbiota of ruminant rumen and the course of metabolic processes in the rumen in vitro studieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-613XШейдаЕ. В.SheidaE. V.

Елена Владимировна Шейда, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории биологических испытаний и экспертиз

ул. 9 Января, 2, Оренбург, 460000

Тел. +7 (922) 862-64-02

Elena Vladimirovna Sheida, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher at the Laboratory of Biological Tests and Examinations

2 January 9th str., Orenburg, 460000

Tel. +7 (922) 862-64-02

elena-shaejjda@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-9561РязановВ. А.RyazanovV. A.

Виталий Александрович Рязанов, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С.Г. Леушина

ул. 9 Января, 2, Оренбург, 460000

Тел. +7 (3532) 43-46-79

Vitaly Aleksandrovich Ryazanov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Researcher of the Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin

2 January 9th str., Orenburg, 460000

vita7456@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-8367ДускаевГ. К.DuskaevG. K.

Галимжан Калиханович Дускаев, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С.Г. Леушина

ул. 9 Января, 2, Оренбург, 460000

Тел. +7 (3532) 30-81-70

Galimzhan Kalihanovich Duskaev, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Department of Farm Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin

2 January 9th str., Orenburg, 460000

Tel. +7 (3532) 30-81-70

gduskaev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-9499РахматуллинШ. Г.RakhmatullinSh. G.

Шамиль Гафиуллович Рахматуллин, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С.Г. Леушина

ул. 9 Января, 2, Оренбург, 460000

Тел. +7 (922) 815-72-25

Shamil Gafiullovich Rakhmatullin, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher of the S.G. Leushin Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology

2 January 9th str., Orenburg, 460000

Tel.: +7 (922) 815-72-25

shahm2005@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-7002КванО. В.KvanO. V.

Ольга Вилориевна Кван, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С.Г. Леушина

ул. 9 Января, 2, Оренбург, 460000

Тел. +7 (922) 548-56-57

Olga Vilorievna Kvan, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher of the S.G. Leushin Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology

2 January 9th str., Orenburg, 460000

Tel. +7 (922) 548-56-57

kwan111@yandex.ruФедеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наукРоссияFederal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202316062023065864Copyright © Шейда Е.В., Рязанов В.А., Дускаев Г.К., Рахматуллин Ш.Г., Кван О.В., 20232023Шейда Е.В., Рязанов В.А., Дускаев Г.К., Рахматуллин Ш.Г., Кван О.В.Sheida E.V., Ryazanov V.A., Duskaev G.K., Rakhmatullin S.G., Kvan O.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2658Актуальность

Актуальность. В исследовании с использованием метода in vitro изучались изменения таксономического рубца и течение процессов ферментации в ответ на добавление различных липидных добавок в рацион жвачных животных.

Методы

Методы. Были сформированы три образца: контроль — без добавления масла, опытные дополнялись подсолнечным маслом (3%) (I) и соевым (3%) (II). Объектом исследования является рубцовое содержимое, полученное от бычков казахской белоголовой породы с хронической фистулой рубца (n = 3) методом латинского квадрата. Исследования переваримости СВ проводили с помощью инкубатора ANKOM DaisyII по специализированной методике. Лабораторные исследования: уровень летучих жирных кислот (ЛЖК) в содержимом рубца определяли методом газовой хроматографии на хроматографе газовом «Кристаллюкс-4000М», определение форм азота — по ГОСТ 26180-84. Микробное биоразнообразие содержимого рубца проводили с помощью MiSeq (Illumina, США) методом секвенирования нового поколения (NGS) с набором реагентов MiSeq® Reagent Kit v3 (600 cycle).

Результаты

Результаты. Добавление масел оказывало стимулирующее влияния на переваримость СВ корма в рубце, увеличивая данный показатель на 2,7%. По сравнению с контролем добавление масла уменьшало концентрацию общего и белкового азота в рубцовом содержимом, содержание небелкового азота при этом увеличивалось (на 5,4%) при использовании подсолнечного и (на 7,8%) соевого масла. Дополнительное включение масел показало повышение уровня уксусной и масляной кислот, соответственно: в группе с использованием подсолнечного масла — на 46,8% и 55,6%, в группе с соевым маслом — на 51,5% и 60,5% относительно контроля. Дополнительное включение подсолнечного масла в рацион показало изменение численности микроорганизмов в РЖ, но качественный состав микробиоты относительно контрольной группы изменялся незначительно.

Relevance

Relevance. In an in vitro study, changes in the taxonomic scar and the course of fermentation processes in response to the addition of various lipid additives to the ruminant diet were studied.

Methods

Methods. Three samples were formed: control — without the addition of oil, the experimental ones were supplemented with sunflower oil (3%) (I) and soy (3%) (II). The object of the study is the scar content obtained from Kazakh white-headed bulls with chronic scar fistula (n = 3) by the Latin square method. Studies of the digestibility of SV were carried out using the incubator «ANKOM DaisyII» according to a specialized technique. Laboratory studies: the level of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the contents of the scar was determined by gas chromatography on a gas chromatograph «Crystallux-4000M», determination of nitrogen forms according — to GOST 26180-84. Microbial biodiversity of the rumen contents was carried out using MiSeq («Illumina», USA) by the new generation sequencing method (NGS) with a set of reagents MiSeq® Reagent Kit v3 (600 cycle).

Results

Results. The addition of oils had a stimulating effect on the digestibility of SV feed in the rumen, increasing this indicator by 2.7%. Compared with the control, the addition of oil reduced the concentration of total and protein nitrogen in the scar content, while the content of non-protein nitrogen increased (by 5.4%) when using sunflower and (by 7.8%) soybean oil. The additional inclusion of oils showed an increase in the level of acetic and butyric acids, respectively: in the group using sunflower oil — by 46.8% and 55.6%, in the group with soybean oil — by 51.5% and 60.5% relative to the control. The additional inclusion of sunflower oil in the diet showed a change in the number of microorganisms in the RYE, but the qualitative composition of the microbiota relative to the control group did not change significantly.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.