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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2023-373-8-53-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-2747</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молочная продуктивность и функция воспроизводства коров черно-пестрой породы разных генотипов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Milk productivity and reproduction function of black-and-white holland cows of different genotypes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимчук</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimchuk</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Григорьевич Максимчук, аспирант </p><p>пос. Дубровицы, д. 60, Подольск, 142132, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim Grigorievich Maksimchuk, Graduate Student60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk, 142132, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.maksimchuk@oaohcr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7978-6696</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левина</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levina</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Николаевна Левина, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук</p><p>пос. Дубровицы, д. 60, Подольск, 142132, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina Nikolaevna Levina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk, 142132, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gnlevina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Максимчук М.Г., Левина Г.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Максимчук М.Г., Левина Г.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maksimchuk M.G., Levina G.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2747">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2747</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Черно-пестрая порода крупного рогатого скота нашей страны на протяжении нескольких десятилетий совершенствовалась голштинской породой. Наряду с ее положительным влиянием имеются и негативные стороны процесса. Так, сократилась продолжительность использования коров, снизились резистентность и функция воспроизводства.С целью поиска селекционных приемов повышения сохранности коров и улучшения функции воспроизводства выполнены исследования в стадах трех регионов с высокой кровностью по голштинской породе (97% ГШ, 3% ЧП) и потомков от монбельярдских быков (50% МБ, 49% ГШ, 1% ЧП) и выявлены перспективные генотипы коров.Экспериментальные исследования проводили с 2016 г. при беспривязном и привязном содержании животных.В эксперименте при беспривязном содержании у дочерей от монбельярдских быков (генотип 50% МБ, 49% ГШ, 1% ЧП) при практически равной продуктивности возраст первого отела был меньше на 41 день, сервис-период — меньше на 25 дней, сохранность ко второй лактации выше, поскольку к ее началу выбыло на 16,1% коров меньше, чем сверстниц генотипа 97% ГШ, 3% ЧП.В стадах с привязным содержанием и круглогодовым моционом коров выявили сходные данные относительно коров при беспривязном содержании, в частности по возрасту первого отела, который у коров генотипа 50% МБ, 49% ГШ, 1% ЧП был меньше на 49 дней и 23 дня в сравнении со сверстницами генотипа 97% ГШ, 3% ЧП.Лактационные кривые коров двух генотипов, имеющих практически равный удой за лактацию, различаются: у дочерей монбельярдских быков она более плавная, что благоприятно сказывается на стабилизации функции воспроизводства после отела.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. The black-and-white breed of cattle in our country has been improved by the Holstein breed for several decades. Along with its positive impact, there are also negative aspects of the process. Thus, the duration of the use of cows was reduced, resistance and reproduction function decreased.In order to find breeding methods to increase the safety of cows and improve the function of reproduction, studies were carried out in herds of three regions with high bloodliness for the Holstein breed (97% HL, 3% BW) and descendants from Montbéliarde bulls (50% MB, 49% HL, 1% BW) and promising genotypes of cows were identified.Experimental studies have been carried out since 2016 with loose and tethered animals.In the experiment, with loose keeping in daughters from Montbéliarde bulls (genotype 50% MB, 49% HL, 1% BW), with almost equal productivity, the age of 1 calving was 41 days less, the service period was 25 days less, the safety to 2 lactations was higher, because by its beginning, 16.1% fewer cows dropped out than peers of the genotype 97% HL, 3% BW.In herds with tethered housing and year-round exercise of cows, similar data were revealed regarding cows with loose housing, in particular, the age of the first calving, which in cows of the genotype 50% MB, 49% HL, 1% BW was 49 and 23 days less in comparison with peers of the genotype 97 % HL, 3% BW. The lactation curves of cows of two genotypes, which have almost equal milk yield per lactation, differ: in the daughters of Montbéliarde bulls, it is smoother, which favorably affects the stabilization of the reproduction function after calving.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>скрещивание</kwd><kwd>молочная продуктивность</kwd><kwd>воспроизводство</kwd><kwd>сохранность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>crossing</kwd><kwd>milk productivity</kwd><kwd>reproduction</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке научных исследований Минобрнауки РФ в рамках выполнения госзадания на 2022 г. (рег. № темы НИР 2018–2023 гг. АААА-А18-118021590129-9).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was carried out with the financial support of scientific research by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation as part of the state assignment for 2022 (registration Nо. of the research topic for 2018–2023 AAAA-A18-118021590129-9).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miglior F., Muir B.L., Van Doormaal B.J. Selection Indices in Holstein Cattle of Various Countries. Journal of Dairy Science. 2005; 88(3): 1255–1263. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72792-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miglior F., Muir B.L., Van Doormaal B.J. Selection Indices in Holstein Cattle of Various Countries. 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