vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-375-10-139-145vetpress-2831Research ArticleАГРОИНЖЕНЕРИЯ И ПИЩЕВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИAGROENGINEERING AND FOOD TECHNOLOGIESОбращение с отходами в регионе Балтийского моря: анализ экономических и производственных показателейThe use of Waste Management in the Baltic Sea Region: Analysis of Economic and Operational Indicatorshttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-2572-6551ЕрмоченкоА. И.ErmochenkoA. I.

Алена Игоревна Ермоченко, инженер

Кронверкский пр-т, 49, литера А, Санкт-Петербург, 197101

Alena Igorevna Ermochenko, Engineer

49 Kronverksky Ave., litera A, St. Petersburg, 197101

ale-ermak97@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-0136УваровР. А.UvarovR. A.

Роман Алексеевич Уваров, кандидат технических наук

Кронверкский пр-т, 49, литера А, Санкт-Петербург, 197101

Roman Alekseevich Uvarov, Candidate of Technical Sciences

49 Kronverksky Ave., litera A, St. Petersburg, 197101

rauvarov@itmo.ruНациональный исследовательский университет ИТМОРоссияITMO UniversityRussian Federation202320102023110139145Copyright © Ермоченко А.И., Уваров Р.А., 20232023Ермоченко А.И., Уваров Р.А.Ermochenko A.I., Uvarov R.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2831

Эффективная система управления отходами базируется на комплексном знании текущей ситуации по качеству и количеству образуемых отходов. В статье представлены результаты анализа экономических и производственных показателей обращения с отходами в странах Европейского союза региона Балтийского моря: Дании, Германии, Эстонии, Латвии, Литве, Польше, Финляндии и Швеции. Изучены статистические показатели за 2005–2020 годы и профильные исследования. Рассмотрены показатели образования отходов без учета основных минеральных отходов на единицу ВВП (лидер: Эстония — 885–532 кг / 1000 евро), образования бытовых отходов (лидер: Дания — 717,5–814 кг/человек), уровень утилизации коммунальных расходов (лидер: Германия — 59,25–68,35%) и уровень переработки биоотходов (лидер: Дания — 120,5–151,3 кг/человек). По каждому показателю для рассмотренных стран выявлены экстремальные и средние значения, определена динамика роста и снижения, выявлены общие тенденции, произведено сравнение медианных значений рассматриваемых показателей. Установлено, что образование отходов на единицу ВВП за 2005–2020 годы уменьшилось с 107,5 до 74 кг / 1000 евро (-31,2%); образование бытовых отходов выросло с 448,75 до 458 кг/человек (+2,1%), уровень утилизации коммунальных отходов вырос с 27,5 до 42% (+14,5%), количество перерабатываемых биоотходов увеличилось с 22,5 до 72,5 кг/человек (+222,2%). Это позволяет видеть результаты целенаправленной работы ЕС по снижению негативной нагрузки отдельных стран на экологическую устойчивость целых регионов.

An effective waste management system is based on a comprehensive knowledge of the current situation in terms of the quality and quantity of waste generated. The article presents the results of the analysis of economic and production indicators of waste management in the countries of the European Union of the Baltic Sea region: Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Finland and Sweden. Statistical indicators for 2005–2020 and profile studies have been studied. The indicators of waste generation excluding basic mineral waste per unit of GDP (leader: Estonia — 885–532 kg / 1000 euros), household waste generation (leader: Denmark — 717.5–814 kg/person), the level of disposal of utility costs (leader: Germany — 59.25–68.35%) and the level of biowaste recycling (leader: Denmark — 120.5–151.3 kg/person). Extreme and average values were identified for each indicator for the countries under consideration, the dynamics of growth and decline were determined, general trends were identified, and median values of the indicators under consideration were compared. It was found that the generation of waste per unit of GDP for 2005–2020 decreased from 107.5 to 74 kg / 1000 euros (-31.2%); the formation of household waste increased from 448.75 to 458 kg/person (+2.1%), the level of municipal waste disposal increased from 27.5 to 42% (+14.5%), the number of recycled bio-waste increased from 22.5 to 72.5 kg/person (+222.2%). This allows us to see the results of the EUʼs purposeful work to reduce the negative burden of individual countries on the environmental sustainability of entire regions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.