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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2024-378-1-92-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-2911</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОНОМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменение гумусного состояния чернозема типичного при различных способах обработки почвы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Change in the humus state of typical chernozem with various methods of tillage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-9718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубовик</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubovik</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Валентиновна Дубовик, доктор биологических наук</p><p>ул. Карла Маркса, 70Б, Курск, 305021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Dubovik, Doctor of Biological Sciences</p><p>70B Karl Marx Str., Kursk, 305021</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dubovikev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1585-6990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубовик</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubovik</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Вячеславович Дубовик, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор РАН</p><p>ул. Карла Маркса, 70Б, Курск, 305021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Dubovik, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p><p>70B Karl Marx Str., Kursk, 305021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dubovikdm@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Курский федеральный аграрный научный центр</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дубовик Е.В., Дубовик Д.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дубовик Е.В., Дубовик Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dubovik E.V., Dubovik D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2911">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2911</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Статья посвящена влиянию различных способов обработки почвы на гумусное состояние чернозема типичного (Haplic Chernozems).</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Варианты обработки почвы: вспашка с оборотом пласта (20–22 см), комбинированная обработка (дискование 8–10 см + чизель 20–22 см), поверхностная обработка (дискование) до 8 см, прямой посев. Объектом исследования являлся чернозем типичный мощный тяжелосуглинистый.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По результатам группового и фракционного состава гумуса чернозема типичного (независимо от способа обработки и изучаемого слоя почвы) были установлены, следующие закономерности: преобладание группы гуминовых кислот (ГК — 45–55% от органического углерода (Сорг.), высокая доля гуминовых кислот, связанных с кальцием (ГК-2 — 29–41% от Сорг.), низкое содержание негидролизуемого остатка (НО — 29–36% от Сорг.), гуматный тип гумуса (Сгк:Сфк &gt; 2), очень высокая степень гумификации органического вещества (&gt;4,5). С увеличением глубины пахотного слоя (независимо от способа обработки почвы) отмечаются рост Сгк, Сгк-2 и снижение углерода гуминовых кислот, свободных и связанных с подвижными полуторными R2O3(Сгк-1), углерода гуминовых кислот, связанных с устойчивыми R2O3 (Сгк-3), и углерода фульвокислот (Сфк). В слое 0–20 см отмечается преобладание Сгк-1 (5,5%), и их содержание снижается в зависимости от способа обработки почвы в ряду «комбинированная (5,08%) → поверхностная обработка → прямой посев (4,91)». При применении крайней степени минимизации (прямого посева) в слое 0–20 см по отношению к другим способам обработки почвы отмечается наибольшее количество Сгк-2. Содержание Сгк-3 и Сфк было наибольшим при поверхностной и комбинированной обработке.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The article is devoted to the influence of various methods of tillage on the humus state of typical chernozem (Haplic Chernozems).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Tillage options: plowing with a formation turnover (20–22 cm); combined processing (disking 8–10 cm + chisel 20–22 cm); surface treatment (disking) up to 8 cm; direct sowing. The object of the study was a typical powerful heavy loamy chernozem.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to the results of the group and fractional composition of typical chernozem humus (regardless of the method of processing and the studied soil layer), the following patterns were established: the predominance of a group of humic acids (HA — 45–55% of organic carbon (Sorg.), a high proportion of humic acids associated with calcium (HA-2 — 29–41% of Sorg.), low content of non-hydrolyzable residue (NO — 29–36% of Sorg.), humate type of humus (Sgc:Sfk &gt; 2), a very high degree of humification of organic matter (&gt;4.5). With an increase in the depth of the arable layer (regardless of the method of tillage), there is an increase in Sgc, Sgc-2 and a decrease in carbon of humic acids free and associated with mobile oneand-a-half R2O3 (Sgc-1), carbon of humic acids associated with stable R2O3 (Sgc-3), and carbon of fulvic acids (Sfk). In the 0-20 cm layer, the predominance of Sgc-1 (5.5%) is noted, and their content decreases depending on the method of tillage in the series “combined (5.08%) → surface treatment → direct sowing (4.91)”. When applying an extreme degree of minimization (direct sowing) in a layer of 0–20 cm in relation to other methods of tillage, the largest amount of Sgk-2 is noted. The content of Sgk-3 and Sfk was highest with surface and combined treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>чернозем типичный (Haplic Chernozems)</kwd><kwd>способы обработки почвы</kwd><kwd>органический углерод</kwd><kwd>фракционно-групповой состав гумуса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>typicalchernozem (Haplic Chernozems)</kwd><kwd>methods of tillage</kwd><kwd>organic carbon</kwd><kwd>fractional and group composition of humus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Материалы подготовлены при поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках государственного задания Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения Курского федерального аграрного научного центра (тема № FGZU-2019-0002)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The materials were prepared with the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the framework of the state assignment of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution of the Kursk Federal Agrarian Scientific Center (topic No. FGZU-2019-0002)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мокриков Г.В., Минникова Т.В., Мясникова М.А., Казеев К.Ш., Колесников С.И. 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