<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2024-380-3-119-123</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-2991</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОНОМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Источники заражения зерна озимой пшеницы грибной инфекцией в лесостепи Самарской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sources of fungal infection of winter wheat grain in the forest-steppe of Samara region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1987-8708</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кинчарова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kincharova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Николаевна Кинчарова, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Студенческий пер., 3А, Самара, 443001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Nikolaevna Kincharova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher</p><p>3А Studentskiy pereulok, Samara, 443001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">potatolab@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5492-8582</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кинчаров</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kincharov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Иванович Кинчаров, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории селекции и семеноводства яровой пшеницы</p><p>Студенческий пер., 3А, Самара, 443001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr Ivanovich Kincharov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Spring Wheat Breeding and Seed Production</p><p>3А Studentskiy pereulok, Samara, 443001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kincharov_ai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3795-5869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдряев</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdryaev</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мянсур Равилович Абдряев, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, заведующий лабораторией селекции и семеноводства озимой пшеницы</p><p>Студенческий пер., 3А, Самара, 443001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Miansur Ravilovich Abdryaev, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Winter Wheat Вreeding and Seed Production </p><p>3А Studentskiy pereulok, Samara, 443001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alcasar@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Поволжский научно-исследовательский институт селекции и семеноводства им. П.Н. Константинова — филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки Самарского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Institute of Selection and Seed-Growing named after P.N. Konstantinov — Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Samara Federal Research Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>123</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кинчарова М.Н., Кинчаров А.И., Абдряев М.Р., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кинчарова М.Н., Кинчаров А.И., Абдряев М.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kincharova M.N., Kincharov A.I., Abdryaev M.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2991">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/2991</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Среди патогенной микрофлоры зерновых семенная инфекция занимает наиболее важное место, в связи с этим поиски любых способов ее снижения являются весьма актуальными.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Исследования проводили в Поволжском НИИСС — филиале СамНЦ РАН на семенах трех сортов озимой мягкой пшеницы урожая 2020 года, отобранных на разных этапах уборки и послеуборочной обработки зерна: из колосьев перед уборкой, из убранного урожая из-под комбайна и после подработки зерна на семяочистительной машине Petkus К-531. Зараженность семян устанавливали по ГОСТ 12044-93. После идентификации фитопатогенных грибов рассчитывали их процентную частоту появления и относительную распространенность</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Зараженность семян после комбайновой уборки увеличивалась по всем сортам в среднем на 9,2%, а после подработки зерна на Petkus — на 6,2% по сравнению с семенами, отобранными с колосьев. Насыщение севооборотов зерновыми культурами от 30 до 50% приводит к снижению количества здоровых семян в образцах на 8,7% (с 37,0 до 28,3%). Семена чаще всего были инфицированы грибами, вызывающими плесневение с частотой встречаемости от 32,9 до 39,1% и относительной распространенностью от 40,8 до 55,2% в зависимости от стадии уборки. Причем содержание этой группы грибов снижалось в процессе уборки урожая (по сравнению с зерном с колосьев) на 6,2% после уборки комбайном и на 3,4% после подработки зерна. При комбайновой уборке частота встречаемости грибов Fusarium sp. и Alternaria sp. на семенах увеличивалась на 4,7–4,8%, а после очистки снова снижалась, но всё же была на 1,5–2,4% выше, чем на семенах с колосьев.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Among the pathogenic microflora of cereals, seed infection occupies the most important place, in this regard, the search for any ways to reduce it is very relevant.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The research was conducted at the VSRISSG — Branch of SamSC RAS on seeds of 3 varieties of winter soft wheat of 2020 harvest, selected at different stages of harvesting and post-harvest grain processing: from ears before harvesting, from the harvested crop from under the combine and after grain processing on the seed cleaning machine Petkus К-531. Seed infestation was determined according to GOST 12044-93. After identification of phytopathogenic fungi, their percentage frequency of occurrence and relative abundance were calculated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Seed infestation after combine harvesting increased for all varieties on average by 9.2%, and after grain treatment on Petkus — by 6.2% compared to seeds sampled from ears. The saturation of crop rotations with cereals from 30 to 50% lead to an 8.7% decrease in the number of healthy seeds in the samples (from 37.0 to 28.3%). Seeds were most often infected by fungi causing moulds with the frequency of occurrence from 32.9 to 39.1% and relative prevalence from 40.8 to 55.2% depending on the stage of harvesting. Moreover, the content of this group of mushrooms decreased during harvesting (compared with grain from ears) by 6.2% after harvesting by a combine harvester and by 3.4% after grain processing. During combine harvesting, the frequency of occurrence of fungi Fusarium sp. and Alternaria sp. it increased by 4.7–4.8% on seeds, and after cleaning it decreased again, but it was still 1.5–2.4% higher than on seeds from ears.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>озимая пшеница</kwd><kwd>семена</kwd><kwd>сорт</kwd><kwd>грибная инфекция</kwd><kwd>колосья</kwd><kwd>частота встречаемости</kwd><kwd>относительная распространенность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>winter wheat</kwd><kwd>seeds</kwd><kwd>variety</kwd><kwd>fungal infection</kwd><kwd>ears</kwd><kwd>frequency of occurrence</kwd><kwd>relative prevalence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh J., Chhabra B., Raza A., Yang S.H., Sandhu K.S. Important wheat diseases in the US and their management in the 21st century. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2023; 13: 1010191. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1010191</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh J., Chhabra B., Raza A., Yang S.H., Sandhu K.S. Important wheat diseases in the US and their management in the 21st century. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2023; 13: 1010191. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1010191</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Грушко Г.В., Линченко С.Н., Хан В.В. Характеристика и условия распространения фузариоза колоса на посевах озимой пшеницы южных регионов России. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2005; (2): 46. https://elibrary.ru/ijfzqv</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grushko G.V., Linchenko S.N., Khan V.V. Characteristics and conditions of distribution of the head blight of winter wheat in the southern regions of Russia. Modern problems of science and education. 2005; (2): 46 (in Russian). https://elibrary.ru/ijfzqv</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хилевский В.А. Фитопатологическая экспертиза семян и защита ярового ячменя в Ростовской области. Символ науки. 2016; (6–2): 35–37. https://elibrary.ru/wdfuyf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khilevsky V.A. Phytopathological examination of seeds and protection of spring barley in Rostov region. Symbol of Science. 2016; (6–2): 35–37 (in Russian). https://elibrary.ru/wdfuyf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гагкаева Т.Ю., Гаврилова О.П., Орина А.С., Аблова И.Б., Беспалова Л.А. Маркерные метаболиты грибов Alternaria, Fusarium и Microdochium как инструмент оценки их взаимоотношений в микобиоте зерна пшеницы. Биотехнология и селекция растений. 2018; 1(1): 7–15. https://doi.org/10.30901/2658-6266-2018-1-7-15</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gagkaeva T.Yu., Gavrilova O.P., Orina A.S., Ablova I.B., Bespalova L.A. Distinctive metabolites of Alternaria, Fusarium and Microdochium fungi as a tool for assessing their relationship in micobiota of wheat grain. Plant Biotechnology and Breeding. 2018; 1(1): 7–15 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.30901/2658-6266-2018-1-7-15</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заргарян Н.Ю, Кекало А.Ю., Немченко В.В. Зараженность семян и растений пшеницы фитопатогенами рода Fusarium, методы оздоровления. Вестник Ульяновской государственной сельскохозяйственной академии. 2022; (4): 96–101. https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-4-96-101</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zargaryan N.Yu., Kekalo A.Yu., Nemchenko V.V. Contamination of seeds and plants of wheat with phytopatogenes of Fusarium genus, methods of recovery. Vestnik of Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy. 2022; (4): 96–101 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-4-96-101</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Павлюшин В.А. и др. Интегрированная защита озимой пшеницы. Защита и карантин растений. 2015; (5): 38–72. https://elibrary.ru/uynuzr</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavlyushin V.A. et al. Integrated protection of winter wheat. Plant protection and quarantine. 2015; (5): 38–72 (in Russian). https://elibrary.ru/uynuzr</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simón M.R. et al. Integrated Foliar Disease Management to Prevent Yield Loss in Argentinian Wheat Production. Agronomy Journal. 2011; 103(5): 1441–1451. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2010.0513</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simón M.R. et al. Integrated Foliar Disease Management to Prevent Yield Loss in Argentinian Wheat Production. Agronomy Journal. 2011; 103(5): 1441–1451. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2010.0513</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mesterházy Á. et al. Role of Fungicides, Application of Nozzle Types, and the Resistance Level of Wheat Varieties in the Control of Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol. Toxins. 2011; 3(11): 1453–1483. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins3111453</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mesterházy Á. et al. Role of Fungicides, Application of Nozzle Types, and the Resistance Level of Wheat Varieties in the Control of Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol. Toxins. 2011; 3(11): 1453–1483. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins3111453</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaur B. et al. Omics for the Improvement of Abiotic, Biotic, and Agronomic Traits in Major Cereal Crops: Applications, Challenges, and Prospects. Plants. 2021; 10(10): 1989. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10101989</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaur B. et al. Omics for the Improvement of Abiotic, Biotic, and Agronomic Traits in Major Cereal Crops: Applications, Challenges, and Prospects. Plants. 2021; 10(10): 1989. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10101989</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Momeni H. et al. Race identification of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in Iran. Journal of Plant Pathology. 2014; 96(2): 287–294.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Momeni H. et al. Race identification of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in Iran. Journal of Plant Pathology. 2014; 96(2): 287–294.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naqvi S.D.Y., Shiden T., Merhawi W., Mehret S. Identification of seed borne fungi on farmer saved sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds. Agricultural Science Research Journals. 2013; 3(4): 107–114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naqvi S.D.Y., Shiden T., Merhawi W., Mehret S. Identification of seed borne fungi on farmer saved sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds. Agricultural Science Research Journals. 2013; 3(4): 107–114.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adhikari P., Khatri-Chhetri G.B., Shrestha S.M., Marahatta S. Study on Prevalence of Mycoflora in Wheat Seeds. Turkish Journal of Agriculture — Food Science and Technology. 2016; 4(1): 31–35. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v4i1.31-35.509</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adhikari P., Khatri-Chhetri G.B., Shrestha S.M., Marahatta S. Study on Prevalence of Mycoflora in Wheat Seeds. Turkish Journal of Agriculture — Food Science and Technology. 2016; 4(1): 31–35. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v4i1.31-35.509</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кинчарова М.Н., Кинчаров А.И., Абдряев М.Р. Распространенность грибной инфекции на семенах озимой пшеницы в условиях Среднего Поволжья. Аграрный вестник Урала. 2022; (12): 11–22. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2022-227-12-11-22</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kincharova M.N., Kincharov A.I., Abdryaev M.R. Prevalence of fungal infection on winter wheat seeds under conditions of the Middle Volga region. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2022; (12): 11–22 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2022-227-12-11-22</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
