vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2024-384-7-38-48vetpress-3154Research ArticleВЕТЕРИНАРИЯVETERINARY MEDICINEИммунометаболические особенности формирования поствакцинального иммунитета против ЦВС-2 у свиноматокImmunometabolic features of the formation of post-vaccination immunity against porcine circovirus type 2 in sowshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7515-5670БурковП. В.BurkovP. V.

Павел Валерьевич Бурков - руководитель научно-исследовательского центра биотехнологии репродукции животных, кандидат ветеринарных наук 

ул. им. Ю.А. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457100

Pavel Valerievich Burkov - Head of the Research Center for Animal Reproduction Biotechnology, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences 

13 Gagarin Str., Troitsk, 457100

burcovpavel@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-5143РебезовМ. Б.RebezovM. B.

Максим Борисович Ребезов - главный научный сотрудник, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, кандидат ветеринарных наук, профессор; профессор кафедры биотехнологии и пищевых продуктов, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, кандидат ветеринарных наук 

ул. им. Талалихина, 26, Москва, 109316;ул. им. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075

Maksim Borisovich Rebezov - Chief Researcher, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Professor; Professor of the Department of Biotechnology and Food Products, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences 

26 Talalikhin Str., Moscow, 109316;42 Karl Liebknecht Str., Yekaterinburg, 620075

rebezov@ya.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3818-0556ДерхоМ. А.DerkhoM. A.

Марина Аркадьевна Дерхо - заведующая кафедрой естественно-научных дисциплин, доктор биологических наук 

ул. им. Ю.А. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457100

Marina Arkadyevna Derkho - Head of Department of Natural Sciences Disciplines, Doctor of Biological Sciences 

13 Gagarin Str., Troitsk, 457100

derkho2010@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8685-4645ЩербаковП. Н.ShcherbakovP. N.

Павел Николаевич Щербаков - профессор кафедры инфекционных болезней и ветеринарно-санитарной экспертизы, доктор ветеринарных наук  

ул. им. Ю.А. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457100

Pavel Nikolaevich Shcherbakov - Professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Doctor of Veterinary Sciences 

13 Gagarin Str., Troitsk, 457100

scherbakov_pavel@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1914-8721ДерхоА. О.DerkhoA. O.

Арина Олеговна Дерхо - студент 

ул. им. Ю.А. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457100

Arina Olegovna Derkho - Student 

13 Gagarin Str., Troitsk, 457100

arina_avrora@mail.ruЮжно-Уральский государственный аграрный университетРоссияSouth Ural State Agrarian UniversityRussian FederationФедеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова Российской академии наук; Уральский государственный аграрный университетРоссияV.M. Gorbatov Federal Scientific Center for Food Systems of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Ural State Agrarian UniversityRussian Federation202423072024073848Copyright © Бурков П.В., Ребезов М.Б., Дерхо М.А., Щербаков П.Н., Дерхо А.О., 20242024Бурков П.В., Ребезов М.Б., Дерхо М.А., Щербаков П.Н., Дерхо А.О.Burkov P.V., Rebezov M.B., Derkho M.A., Shcherbakov P.N., Derkho A.O.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3154

Актуальность. Иммунометаболический статус играет важную роль в формировании поствакцинального иммунитета против ЦВС-2 у свиноматок. Методы. Объект исследования — свиноматки, которых на 21-е сутки лактации после отъема поросят привили вакциной «Ингельвак ЦиркоФЛЕКС» (Германия) (контрольная группа). В опытной группе вакцинацию сочетали с введением «Трансфер Фактора», полученного из лейкоцитов гипериммунизированных животных. Эффективность вакцинации оценивали по параметрам иммунометаболического статуса и производственным показателям. Результаты. Введение в схему вакцинации свиноматок против ЦВС-2 «Трансфер Фактора» позволяет сформировать в организме животных иммунометаболический профиль, способствующий выработке вируснейтрализующих антител в необходимом количестве, что отражается на величине производственных и экономически важных показателей как маркеров эффективности поствакцинального иммунитета. Это достигается за счет того, что поствакцинальные иммунологические реакции протекают преимущественно по механизму вторичного иммунного ответа, о чем свидетельствует увеличение концентрации IgG в 1,46–1,55 раза и уменьшение IgМ в 1,63–2,11 раза по сравнению с контролем. Гепатопротекторные свойства «Трансфер Фактора» модулируют функциональную способность клеток печени и стабилизируют состояние их мембранных структур, что определяет ориентацию белкового и липидного метаболизма в организме свиноматок в анаболическом направлении, способствуя задержке белкового азота и накоплению резервных жиров в организме животных, использованию углеродных остатков аминокислот в цикле Кребса посредством регуляции активности ферментов переаминирования (АлАТ, АсАТ), контролю желчегонной способности гепатоцитов, рациональному обмену холестерина. Коррекция иммунометаболического статуса свиноматок в поствакцинальный период позволяет (по сравнению с контролем) снизить выбытие свиноматок из популяции свинокомплекса на 21,05%, мертворожденность поросят на 38,15%, увеличив число оприходованных на 10,55%, повысить выход поросят на один опорос с 12,5 голов до 13 и их сохранность на опоросе на 0,80%.

Relevance. Immunometabolic status plays an important role in the formation of post-vaccination immunity against porcine circovirus type 2 in sows. Methods. The object of the study was sows that were vaccinated with the “Ingelvac CircoFLEX” vaccine (Germany) on the 21st day of lactation after weaning their piglets (control group). In the experimental group, vaccination was combined with the administration of “Transfer Factor” obtained from leukocytes of hyperimmunized animals. The effectiveness of vaccination was assessed by parameters of immunometabolic status and production indicators. Results. The introduction of “Transfer Factor” into the vaccination scheme of sows against pig circovirus of the second type makes it possible to form an immunometabolism profile in the animals› body, promoting the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies in the required quantity, which is reflected in the value of production and economically important indicators as markers of the effectiveness of postvaccination immunity. This is achieved due to the fact that post-vaccination immunological reactions occur predominantly through the mechanism of a secondary immune response, as evidenced by an increase in the concentration of IgG by 1.46–1.55 times and a decrease in IgM by 1.63–2.11 times, compared with the control. The hepatoprotective properties of “Transfer Factor” modulate the functional ability of liver cells and stabilize the state of their membrane structures, which determines the orientation of protein and lipid metabolism in the body of sows in an anabolic direction, promoting the retention of protein nitrogen and the accumulation of reserve fats in the body of animals, the use of carbon residues of amino acids in the Krebs cycle through the regulation of the activity of transamination enzymes (AlAT, AST), control of the choleretic ability of hepatocytes, rational cholesterol metabolism. Correction of the immunometabolism status of sows in the post-vaccination period allows, in comparison with the control, to reduce the retirement of sows from the pig farm population by 21.05%, the stillbirth of piglets by 38.15%, increasing the number of adopted ones by 10.55%, and increasing the yield of piglets by 1 farrowing. 12.5 heads to 13 and their safety at farrowing is 0.80%.

свиноматкииммуноглобулиныметаболизм белков и липидоввакцинацияцирковирусиммунитетпроизводственные показателиsowsimmunoglobulinsprotein and lipid metabolismvaccinationcircovirusimmunityproduction indicatorsМатериалы подготовлены в рамках регионального конкурса Российского научного фонда 2021 года «Проведение фундаментальных научных исследований и поисковых научных исследований отдельными научными группами» (соглашение от 25.03.2022 № 22-16-20007 ).The materials were prepared within the framework of the regional competition of the Russian Science Foundation in 2021 “Conducting foundation scientific research and search for scientific research by individual scientific groups” (Agreement of 25.03.2022 No. 22-16-20007).ReferencesCheng C., Wei H., Yu H., Xu C., Jiang S., Peng J. Metabolic Syndrome During Perinatal Period in Sows and the Link With Gut Microbiota and Metabolites. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.