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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2024-387-10-91-95</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3301</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сохранение биологической полноценности сперматозоидов быков при хранении спермы в охлажденном виде</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Preserving of the bovine chilled semen viability</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-5277</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никиткина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitkina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Владимировна Никиткина, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Московское шоссе, 55А, Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Vladimirovna Nikitkina, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>55А Moscow highway, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitkinae@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4634-7515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плешанов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleshanov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Вячеславович Плешанов, научный сотрудник</p><p>Московское шоссе, 55А, Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai Vyacheslavovich Pleshanov, Research Associate</p><p>55А Moscow highway, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klaus-90@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>София Сергеевна Богданова, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Московское шоссе, 55А, Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia Sergeevna Bogdanova, Junior Research Assistant</p><p>55А Moscow highway, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sonikbogdanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9845-1421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турлова</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turlova</surname><given-names>J. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Григорьевна Турлова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Московское шоссе, 55А, Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Julia Grigorievna Turlova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher</p><p>55А Moscow highway, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jturlova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных — филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding — Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никиткина Е.В., Плешанов Н.В., Богданова С.С., Турлова Ю.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никиткина Е.В., Плешанов Н.В., Богданова С.С., Турлова Ю.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitkina E.V., Pleshanov N.V., Bogdanova S.S., Turlova J.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3301">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3301</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — оценка биологической полноценности спермы быков при охлаждении до 5 °С и хранении в течение времени.</p><p>Охлаждение спермы менее травматично для клеток, чем глубокое замораживание. Оплодотворяющая способность охлажденной спермы выше, чем криоконсервированной, но сохраняется она в течение нескольких суток, чем ограничивает использование. Исследование проводилось с использованием нативной спермы быков черно-пестрой (n = 6) и айрширской пород (n = 3). В опыте использовали два варианта разбавителей: в качестве контроля применяли коммерческий разбавитель OptiXcell (IMV) (Франция), в качестве опыта — разработанный экспериментальный разбавитель на основе Триса. Не было достоверной разницы по общей и прогрессивной подвижности между исследуемыми разбавителями. В большинстве случаев сперматозоиды были живы в течение 10 суток. Если учитывать прогрессивную подвижность 40% как минимально допустимую для искусственного осеменения, в среднем у исследуемых быков она была при хранении 120 часов. В то же время были отдельные эякуляты, которые имели прогрессивную подвижность (40% и выше) и после 168 часов хранения. Не было достоверных различий по сохранности мембран при разбавлении исследуемыми разбавителями. При хранении в течение 72 часов практически не было снижения количества интактных клеток при использовании экспериментального разбавителя. Приготовление и применение экспериментального разбавителя экономически более выгодны, чем использование западного аналога — OptiXcell (IMV). При этом разработанный авторами разбавитель не уступает по характеристикам (качественным показателям сперматозоидов), а даже превосходит иностранный.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work is to assess the biological usefulness of bull semen when cooled to 5 °C and stored for a period of time.</p><p>Sperm cooling is less traumatic for cells than deep freezing. The fertilizing capacity of chilled sperm is higher than cryopreserved sperm, but it persists for several days, which limits its use. The study was conducted using native sperm from black-and-white (n = 6) and Ayrshire bulls (n = 3). Two diluents were used in the experiment: OptiXcell commercial diluent (IMV) (France) was used as a control, and an experimental diluent based on Tris was developed as an experiment. There was no significant difference in overall and progressive mobility between the studied diluents. In most cases, the spermatozoa were alive for 10 days. If we take into account the progressive mobility of 40% as the minimum permissible for artificial insemination, on average, the studied bulls had it during storage for 120 hours. At the same time, there were individual ejaculates that had progressive mobility (40% and higher) even after 168 hours of storage. There were no significant differences in membrane safety when diluted with the studied diluents. When stored for 72 hours, there was practically no decrease in the number of intact cells when using an experimental diluent. The preparation and application of an experimental diluent are economically more profitable than using a Western analogue — OptiXcell (IMV). At the same time, the diluent developed by the authors is not inferior in characteristics (qualitative indicators of spermatozoa), and even surpasses the foreign one.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>быки</kwd><kwd>охлажденная сперма</kwd><kwd>разбавитель</kwd><kwd>прогрессивная подвижность</kwd><kwd>мембраны</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bulls</kwd><kwd>chilled semen</kwd><kwd>extender</kwd><kwd>progressive motility</kwd><kwd>membranes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования проведены в части выполнения работ, предусмотренных государственным заданием Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ по теме № 124020200127-7.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out in part to carry out the work provided for by the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation on topic No. 124020200127-7.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wiebke M., Pieper L., Gürler H., Janowitz U., Jung M., Schulze M. 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