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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-390-01-86-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3408</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика компонентного состава молока первотелок при разном уровне кормления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of the component composition of milk from first-calf heifers at different feeding levels</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1988-1189</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цис</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsis</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Юрьевна Цис, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных</p><p>пос. Дубровицы, 60, Подольск, Московская обл., 142132</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Yurievna Tsis, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Researcher at the Department of Feeding Farm Animals</p><p>60 Dubrovitsy settlement, Podolsk, Moscow region, 142132</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsis-elen@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3228-6739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дуборезов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Duborezov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Мартынович Дуборезов, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных</p><p>пос. Дубровицы, 60, Подольск, Московская обл., 142132</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily Martynovich Duborezov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Department of Feeding Farm Animals</p><p>60 Dubrovitsy settlement, Podolsk, Moscow region, 142132</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korma10@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цис Е.Ю., Дуборезов В.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цис Е.Ю., Дуборезов В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsis E.Y., Duborezov V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3408">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3408</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. В период раздоя высокопродуктивные коровы мобилизуют резервы организма, и метаболизм новотельных коров точно координируется для удовлетворения возросших метаболических потребностей в синтезе молока.Цель эксперимента — изучить влияние повышенного уровня кормления на компонентный состав молока.Методы. Исследования проведены в племенном хозяйстве Московской области АО «Наро-Осановский» на коровах-первотелках, продолжительность опыта — 120 дней. Группы (по 11 голов в каждой) сформировали по принципу пар-аналогов. Основной рацион контрольной группы был сбалансирован по всем питательным, минеральным веществам и витаминам. Уровень кормления первотелок 1-й и 2-й опытных групп с первых дней лактации повысили за счет дополнительного включения адресного белкововитаминно-минерального концентрата (БВМК). Пробы молока отбирали во время проведения контрольных доек с регистрацией суточного удоя. Компонентный состав молока определяли с помощью инфракрасного автоматического анализатора молока CombiFoss FT+ (Дания) в условиях лаборатории селекционного контроля качества молока АО «Московское» по племенной работе. В средних пробах определяли содержание молочного жира, белка, лактозы, сухого вещества, сухого обезжиренного вещества, мочевины.Результат. За период проведения эксперимента среднесуточный удой коровпервотелок опытных групп был достоверно больше по сравнению с контролем. Анализ компонентного состава молока свидетельствует о том, что за счет повышения уровня кормления молоко коров опытных групп отличалось более высокой пищевой ценностью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. During the milking period, high-yielding cows mobilize body reserves, and the metabolism of new cows is precisely coordinated to meet the increased metabolic demands for milk synthesis.The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of increased feeding level on the component composition of milk.Methods. The studies were conducted in the breeding farm of the Moscow region JSC “NaroOsanovsky” on first-calf cows, the duration of the experiment — 120 days. The groups (11 goals each) were formed according to the principle of pairs of analogues. The basic diet of the control group was balanced in all nutrients, minerals and vitamins. Feeding level of first heifers of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups from the first days of lactation was increased by additional inclusion of targeted protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate (PVMC). Milk samples were taken during control milkings with registration of daily milk yield. The component composition of milk was determined using an infrared automatic milk analyzer “CombiFoss FT+” (Denmark) in the laboratory of selection control of milk quality of JSC “Moskovskoye” for breeding work. In the average samples were determined milk fat, protein, lactose, dry matter, skim dry matter, urea.Result. During the period of the experiment, the average daily milk yield of experimental cows was significantly higher compared to the control. The analysis of milk component composition indicates that due to the increased level of feeding, milk of cows of experimental groups was characterized by a higher nutritional value.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>компоненты молока</kwd><kwd>коровы-первотелки</kwd><kwd>уровень кормления</kwd><kwd>продуктивность</kwd><kwd>энергетический баланс</kwd><kwd>период раздоя</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>milk components</kwd><kwd>first-calf cows</kwd><kwd>feeding level</kwd><kwd>productivity</kwd><kwd>energy balance</kwd><kwd>milking period</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания № 124020200032-4 (FGGN-2024-0016).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of state assignment No. 124020200032-4 (FGGN-2024-0016).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сенченко О.В., Миронова И.В., Косилов В.И. 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