vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2025-392-03-160-164vetpress-3503Research ArticleРЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ И ОТРАСЛЕВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКАREGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMYЦифровые технологии и большие данные в трансформации сельского хозяйства: возможности и проблемыDigital technologies and big data in the transformation of agriculture: opportunities and challengesЕреминС. Г.EreminS. G.

Еремин Сергей Геннадьевич - кандидат юридических наук, доцент.

пр-т Ленинградский, 49/2, Москва, 125167

Sergey G. Eremin - Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor.

49/2 Leningradsky Ave., Moscow, 125167

SGEremin@fa.ruФинансовый университет при Правительстве Российской ФедерацииРоссияFinancial University under the Government of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20252003202503160164Copyright © Еремин С.Г., 20252025Еремин С.Г.Eremin S.G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3503

Статья посвящена рассмотрению роли цифровых технологий и больших данных в модернизации сельского хозяйства. На основе комплексного анализа научной литературы выявлены основные тренды применения цифровых решений в аграрном секторе, включая точное земледелие, умные фермы, блокчейн для отслеживания цепочек поставок. С помощью сравнительного и статистического анализа оценены эффекты от внедрения цифровых инноваций на примере ряда стран. Выявлено, что использование больших данных позволяет повысить урожайность в среднем на 15–20%, сократить затраты на 10–15%. В то же время обозначены барьеры цифровизации: высокие начальные инвестиции, дефицит компетенций, проблемы совместимости систем. Предложена авторская концептуальная модель эффективной цифровой трансформации сельского хозяйства, объединяющая технологические, экономические и социальные аспекты. Сделан вывод о необходимости сбалансированного подхода, учитывающего как выгоды, так и риски цифровизации. Определены перспективные направления дальнейших исследований.

The article is devoted to examining the role of digital technologies and big data in modernizing agriculture. Based on a comprehensive analysis of scientific literature, the main trends in the application of digital solutions in the agricultural sector have been identified, including precision farming, smart farms, and blockchain for supply chain tracking. Using comparative and statistical analyses, the effects of implementing digital innovations have been evaluated using examples from several countries. It has been revealed that the use of big data allows for an average increase in yield by 15–20% and a reduction in costs by 10–15%. At the same time, barriers to digitalization have been outlined: high initial investments, a lack of competencies, and system compatibility issues. An original conceptual model for effective digital transformation of agriculture has been proposed, integrating technological, economic, and social aspects. The conclusion emphasizes the need for a balanced approach that takes into account both the benefits and risks of digitalization. Promising directions for further research have been identified.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.