vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2025-392-03-76-82vetpress-3514Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯZOOTECHNICSЭффективность применения кальциевых солей жирных кислот при оптимизации энергетического питания молочных коровEfficiency of using calcium salts of fatty acids in optimizing energy nutrition of dairy cowshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9853-1106ГоловинА. В.GolovinA. V.

Головин Александр Витальевич - доктор биологических наук, профессор.

пос. Дубровицы, 60, Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Alexander V. Golovin - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor.

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk, Moscow region, 142132

alexgol2010@mail.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. ЭрнстаРоссияL.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal HusbandryRussian Federation202521032025037682Copyright © Головин А.В., 20252025Головин А.В.Golovin A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3514

Результаты исследований, полученные по итогам эксперимента, проведенного на трех группах коров голштинской породы (n = 10), свидетельствуют о положительном эффекте от повышения концентрации ОЭ в период раздоя (с 31-го по 120-й день) с 11,00 в контрольной группе до 11,22 и 11,44 МДж в 1 кг сухого вещества и сырого жира с 3,9% до 4,7% и 5,5% при скармливании к основному рациону коров I и II опытных групп по 0,25 и 0,5 кг/гол/сут защищенного жира в виде растительных кальциевых солей жирных кислот (КСЖК), который проявился в увеличении за 3 месяца лактации удоя на 277,7 кг и 365,1 кг (р ≤ 0,05) и выхода жира, соответственно, на 10,9 кг (р ≤ 0,05) и 15,5 кг (р ≤ 0,01). Полученный результат был подкреплен исследованиями по определению переваримости питательных веществ, которые показали, что применение КСЖК для повышения энергетической обеспеченности рациона коров опытных групп оказало положительный эффект на увеличение переваримости сырого жира на 1,4 и 2,8 абс. % (р ≤ 0,05), на фоне некоторого улучшения переваримости органических веществ на 0,7 и 1,8 абс. % (р ≤ 0,1). Оптимизация показателей энергетического питания высокоудойных коров в начале лактации при использовании КСЖК позитивно отразилась на себестоимости 1 ц молока, которая снизилась по отношению к контролю на 43,1 руб. и 33,6 руб., на фоне получения дополнительного дохода на одну голову в размере 4344,6 руб. и 4854,7 руб.

The research results obtained from an experiment conducted on three groups of Holstein cows (n = 10) indicate a positive effect from an increase in the concentration of OE during the milking period (from day 31 to 120) from 11.00 in the control group to 11.22 and 11.44 MJ per 1 kg of dry matter and raw fat from 3.9% to 4.7% and 5.5% when fed to the main diet of cows of the I and II experimental groups of 0.25 and 0.5 kg/head/ day of protected fat in the form of vegetable calcium salts of fatty acids, which manifested itself in an increase in milk yield over 3 months of lactation by 277.7 kg and 365.1 kg (p < 0.05) and fat yield, respectively, by 10.9 kg (p < 0.05) and 15.5 kg (p < 0.01).

Optimization of energy nutrition indicators for high-yielding cows at the beginning of lactation using CCFA had a positive effect on the cost of 1 centner of milk, which decreased in relation to the control by 43.1 and 33.6 rubles, against the background of receiving additional income per head in the amount of 4344.6 and 4854.7 rubles.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.