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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-392-03-90-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3516</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ферментация в рубце и эффективность использования питательных компонентов корма при включении в рацион жвачных ферментированных кормов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fermentation in the rumen and the effectiveness of the use of nutritious feed components when ruminant fermented feeds are included in the diet</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-613X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шейда</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheida</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шейда Елена Владимировна - доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник ФНЦ БСТ РАН; старший научный сотрудник ОГУ.</p><p>ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000; пр-т Победы, 13, Оренбург, 460018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Sheida - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher, Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Senior Researcher, Orenburg State University.</p><p>29 9th January Str., Orenburg, 460000; 13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena-shejjda@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-8367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дускаев</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Duskaev</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дускаев Галимжан Калиханович - доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galimzhan K. Duskaev - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher.</p><p>29 9th January Str., Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gduskaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1173-1952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошников</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnikov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирошников Сергей Александрович - доктор биологических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, главный научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Miroshnikov - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Researcher.</p><p>29 9th January Str., Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fncbst@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0190-0612</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошников</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnikov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирошников Иван Сергеевич - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan S. Miroshnikov - Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Researcher.</p><p>29 9th January Str., Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sparco911@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук; Оренбургский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education Orenburg State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шейда Е.В., Дускаев Г.К., Мирошников С.А., Мирошников И.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шейда Е.В., Дускаев Г.К., Мирошников С.А., Мирошников И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sheida E.V., Duskaev G.K., Miroshnikov S.A., Miroshnikov I.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3516">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3516</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведена оценка метаболических параметров в рубце и эффективность преобразования питательных компонентов корма при использовании в рационе бычков ферментированного кормового субстрата (лузги подсолнечника).</p><p>Исследование проводили методом in vivo. Объект исследования — бычки казахской белоголовой породы с хронической фистулой рубца в возрасте 11–12 месяцев. В качестве испытуемого растительного субстрата использовали отходы маслоперерабатывающих предприятий — подсолнечную лузгу, подвергнутую механическому измельчению и ферментации в биореакторе в течение 9 суток Уровень ЛЖК в содержимом рубца определялся методом газовой хроматографии. Определение химического состава испытуемых субстратов осуществлялось по общепринятым методикам и ГОСТам.</p><p>Непрерывная ферментация характеризуется повторным использованием агропромышленных отходов в качестве кормовых продуктов для сельскохозяйственных животных. Правильный выбор культуральной среды, субстрата и режимов культивирования способствует улучшению качества кормовых продуктов, в частности увеличению белка на 2,8 г и снижению клетчатки до 20,5%, а также увеличению течения метаболических процессов в рубце, в частности повышению общего уровня ЛЖК на 30,8% и общего азота на 16,8%, что способствовало увеличению переваримости сухого вещества корма на 9,8% (р ≤ 0,05), сырой клетчатки на 18,4% (р ≤ 0,01) и сырой золы на 4,7% (р ≤ 0,05).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The assessment of metabolic parameters in the rumen and the efficiency of the conversion of nutrient components of the feed when using fermented feed substrate (sunflower husk) in the diet of bull calves was carried out.</p><p>The study was performed using the in vivo method. The object of the study is Kazakh white-headed bull calves with chronic scar fistula, aged 11–12 months. Waste from oil processing enterprises was used as the test plant substrate — sunflower husk, subjected to mechanical grinding and fermentation in a bioreactor for 9 days, the level of VFA in the contents of the rumen was determined by gas chromatography. The chemical composition of the tested substrates was determined according to generally accepted methods and GOST standards. Continuous fermentation is characterized by the reuse of agro-industrial waste as feed products for farm animals. The correct choice of culture medium, substrate and cultivation modes improves the quality of feed products, in particular, an increase in protein by 2.8 g and a decrease in fiber by up to 20.5%, as well as an increase in the course of metabolic processes in the rumen, in particular, an increase in the total level of LDL by 30.8% and total nitrogen by 16.8%, which contributed to an increase in the digestibility of dry matter feed by 9.8% (p &lt; 0.05), crude fiber by 18.4% (p &lt;0.01) and crude ash by 4.7% (p &lt; 0.05).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ферментация</kwd><kwd>биореактор</kwd><kwd>лузга подсолнечника</kwd><kwd>переваримость</kwd><kwd>рубцовое пищеварение</kwd><kwd>анализ крови</kwd><kwd>крупный рогатый скот</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cattle</kwd><kwd>artificial rumen</kwd><kwd>bioreactor</kwd><kwd>flaxseed cake</kwd><kwd>metabolites</kwd><kwd>rumen biomass</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование было выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект № 20-16-00088-П).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The research was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (рroject No. 20-16-00088-Р).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черная Л.В. 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