vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2025-393-04-69-74vetpress-3575Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯZOOTECHNICSПрименение экзогенных кормовых ферментов в питании жвачных животныхThe use of exogenous feed enzymes in the nutrition of ruminantshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-0531ГречкинаВ. В.GrechkinaV. V.

Виктория Владимировна Гречкина, кандидат биологических наук

ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000

ул. Челюскинцев, 18, Оренбург, 460014

Viktoria Vladimirovna Grechkina, Candidate of Biological Sciences

29 January 9th Str., Orenburg, 460000

18 Chelyuskintsev Str., Orenburg, 460014

Viktoria1985too@mail.ruШейдаЕ. В.SheidaE. V.

Елена Владимировна Шейда, кандидат биологических наук

ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000

пр-т Победы, 13, Оренбург, 460018

Elena Vladimirovna Sheida, Candidate of Biological Sciences

29 January 9th Str., Orenburg, 460000

13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018

elena-shejjda@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-7002КванО. В.KvanO. V.

Ольга Вилориевна Кван, кандидат биологических наук

ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000

пр-т Победы, 13, Оренбург, 460018

Olga Vilorievna Kvan, Candidate of Biological Sciences

29 January 9th Str., Orenburg, 460000

13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018

kwan111@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-5320-0086ШевченкоА. Д.ShevchenkoA. D.

Александр Дмитриевич Шевченко, кандидат биологических наук

ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000

Alekxandеr Dmitrievich Shevchenko, Candidate of Biological Sciences

29 January 9th Str., Orenburg, 460000

ad.shevchenko@yarvet.ruФедеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук ; Оренбургский государственный аграрный университетРоссияFedeal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences ; Orenburg State Agrarian UniversityRussian FederationФедеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук ; Оренбургский государственный университетРоссияFedeal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences ; Orenburg State UniversityRussian FederationФедеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наукРоссияFedeal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202525042025146974Copyright © Гречкина В.В., Шейда Е.В., Кван О.В., Шевченко А.Д., 20252025Гречкина В.В., Шейда Е.В., Кван О.В., Шевченко А.Д.Grechkina V.V., Sheida E.V., Kvan O.V., Shevchenko A.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3575Актуальность

Актуальность. Расщепляя питательные вещества корма, улучшая амилолитическую, протеолитическую, целлюлозолитическую активность рубцовой жидкости и ее перевариваемость, используемые ферменты — протеаза грибная щелочная и альфа-амилаза грибная — позволяют значительно повысить жизнедеятельность симбиотической микрофлоры рубца, что определяется их взаимодействием с другими ферментами.

Цель исследования — изучить изменения концентрации ЛЖК, переваримости корма, а также морфологические и биохимические показатели крови телят при введении в рацион ферментов протеаза грибная щелочная и альфа-амилаза грибная.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Рубцовую жидкость для исследования получали от бычков казахской белоголовой породы (n = 4) средней массой 310–2320 кг в возрасте 14–15 мес. Животные контрольной и опытных групп находились на основном сбалансированном рационе, в рацион бычкам опытных групп в составе концентрированного корма вносили в рацион ферментные препараты: I опытная — протеазу грибную щелочную 25 г/т; II опытная — протеазу грибную щелочную 50 г/т; III опытная — альфа-амилазу грибную 25 г/т; IV опытная — альфа-амилазу грибную 50 г/т.

Результаты

Результаты. Результаты эксперимента показали, что лучшая дозировка введения грибной щелочной протеазы составила 25 г/т, а альфа-амилазы грибной — 50 г/т. Их присутствие в рационе приводило к изменению ЛЖК в рубцовом содержимом, улучшению переваримости сухого вещества и сырого протеина, что способствует высокому уровню протекания процессов рубцового пищеварения, и это значительно отражалось на морфологических и биохимических показателях крови животных.

Relevance

Relevance. By splitting the nutrients of the feed, improving the amylolytic, proteolytic, and cellulolytic activity of the scar fluid and its digestibility, the fungal alkaline protease and fungal alpha-amylase enzymes used can significantly enhance the vital activity of the symbiotic microflora of the scar, which is determined by their interaction with other enzymes.

The aim of the study was to study changes in the concentration of LDL, the digestibility of feed, as well as morphological and biochemical parameters of calves’ blood when the enzymes fungal alkaline protease and fungal alpha-amylase were introduced into the diet.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. Scar tissue for the study was obtained from Kazakh white-headed bull calves (n = 4), with an average weight of 310–2320 kg at the age of 14–15 months. The animals of the control and experimental groups were on a basic balanced diet, and enzyme preparations were added to the diet of the calves of the experimental groups as part of concentrated feed: I experimental — fungal alkaline protease 25 g/t; II experimental — fungal alkaline protease 50 g/t; III experimental — fungal alpha-amylase 25 g/t; IV experimental — alpha-amylase mushroom 50 g/t.

Results and conclusions

Results and conclusions. The results of the experiment showed that the best dosage of mushroom alkaline protease was 25 g/t, and mushroom alpha-amylase was 50 g/t. Their presence in the diet led to a change in the LVF in the scar content, improved the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein, which contributes to a high level of scar digestion processes, and this significantly affected the morphological and biochemical parameters of animal blood.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.