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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-393-04-101-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3581</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аллельное разнообразие бета- и каппа-казеинов крупного рогатого скота голштинской породы Свердловской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Allelic diversity of beta- and kappa-caseins in Holstein cattle of the Sverdlovsk region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6584-2394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богатова</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogatova</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полина Сергеевна Богатова, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярных и биологических исследований</p><p>ул. им. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina Sergeevna Bogatova, Postgraduate Student, Research Assistant of the Laboratory of Molecular and Biological Research</p><p>42 Karl Liebknecht Str., Yekaterinburg, 620075</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bogatova.p.s@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5976-6030</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лиходеевская</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lihodeevskaya</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Евгеньевна Лиходеевская, кандидат биологических наук, доцент, заведующая лабораторией молекулярных и биологических исследований</p><p>ул. им. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana Evgenievna Lihodeevskaya, Candidate of Science in Biology, Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Molecular and Biological Research</p><p>42 Karl Liebknecht Str., Yekaterinburg, 620075</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lixodeevskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2616-2166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лиходеевский</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lihodeevskiy</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Георгий Александрович Лиходеевский, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярных и биологических исследований</p><p>ул. им. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgiy Aleksandrovich Lihodeevskiy, Postgraduate Student, Research Assistant of the Laboratory of Molecular and Biological Research</p><p>42 Karl Liebknecht Str., Yekaterinburg, 620075</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">georglihodey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5144-8409</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоретц</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loretts</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Геннадьевна Лоретц, доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры биотехнологии и продуктов питания</p><p>ул. им. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Gennadievna Loretts, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Department of Biotechnology and Food Products</p><p>42 Karl Liebknecht Str., Yekaterinburg, 620075</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga-loretts@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7579-248X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зулаева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zulaeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Сергеевна Зулаева, преподаватель кафедры зооинженерии</p><p>ул. им. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra Sergeevna Zulaeva, Lecturer of the Department of Zooengineering</p><p>42 Karl Liebknecht Str., Yekaterinburg, 620075</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zulaeva.a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный аграрный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Богатова П.С., Лиходеевская О.Е., Лиходеевский Г.А., Лоретц О.Г., Зулаева А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Богатова П.С., Лиходеевская О.Е., Лиходеевский Г.А., Лоретц О.Г., Зулаева А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogatova P.S., Lihodeevskaya O.E., Lihodeevskiy G.A., Loretts O.G., Zulaeva A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3581">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3581</self-uri><abstract><p>Казеины являются важными компонентами молока, определяющими его текстуру, вкус и пищевую ценность. Исследования полиморфизма молочного белка указывают на то, что аллельный вариант В бета-казеина способствует получению высококачественного молока, а генотип BB каппа-казеина связан с повышенным содержанием молочного белка, улучшенными коагуляционными свойствами и большим выходом твердых и полутвердых сыров.</p><p>В рамках настоящего исследования на ДНК-чипах GGP Bovine 150K и Bovine 50K были определены генотипы бета- и каппа-казеина у 523 и 607 особей соответственно. Полученные данные были проверены на соответствие закону Харди — Вайнберга с использованием критерия согласия Пирсона. В результате была изучена распространенность генотипов бета- и каппа-казеина голштинского скота в Свердловской области.</p><p>Наиболее распространенными генотипами бета-казеина стали A1A2, A2A2 и A1A1, которые суммарно составляют 90% проанализированного поголовья. Генотипы AA, AB и AE каппа-казеина составляют более 80% генотипированных особей, в то время как генотипы BB, BE и EE — менее 20%. Полученные результаты согласуются с данными. других регионов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Caseins are important components of milk that determine its texture, flavour and nutritional value. Milk protein polymorphism studies indicate that the B allele of beta-casein contributes to high quality milk, while the BB genotype of kappa-casein is associated with higher milk protein content, improved coagulation properties and higher yields of hard and semi-hard cheeses.</p><p>In the present study, beta- and kappa-casein genotypes were determined on AGP Bovine 150K and Bovine 50K DNA chips in 523 and 607 individuals, respectively.</p><p>The data obtained were tested for the Hardy-Weinberg law using Pearson’s concordance criterion. As a result, the prevalence of beta- and kappa-casein genotypes of Holstein cattle in the Sverdlovsk region was studied.</p><p>The most common beta-casein genotypes were A1A2, A2A2 and A1A1, which account for 90% of the analysed herd. The AA, AB and AE kappa-casein genotypes accounted for more than 80% of the genotyped individuals, while the BB, BE and EE genotypes accounted for less than 20%. The results obtained are consistent with data from other regions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крупный рогатый скот</kwd><kwd>молочный скот</kwd><kwd>казеины</kwd><kwd>CSN2</kwd><kwd>CSN3</kwd><kwd>генотипирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cattle</kwd><kwd>dairy cattle</kwd><kwd>casein</kwd><kwd>CSN2</kwd><kwd>CSN3</kwd><kwd>genotyping</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках госзадания Министерства сельского хозяйства Российской Федерации (регистрационный № 124061300024-1).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation (registration No. 124061300024-1).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зиннатов Ф.Ф., Якупов Т.Р., Зиннатова Ф.Ф., Хисамов Р.Р. 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