vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2025-393-04-113-120vetpress-3582Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯZOOTECHNICSПроцессы пищеварения и газообразования у овец под влиянием комплекса фитогениковDigestion and gas formation processes in sheep under the influence of a complex of phytogenicshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4267-5300КолесникН. С.KolesnikN. S.

Никита Сергеевич Колесник, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории фундаментальных основ питания сельскохозяйственных животных и рыб

пос. Дубровицы, 60, г. о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Nikita Sergeevich Kolesnik, Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Fundamental Principles of Nutrition of Farm Animals and Fish

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

kominisiko@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-7022БоголюбоваН. В.BogolyubovaN. V.

Надежда Владимировна Боголюбова, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий отделом физиологии и биохимии сельскохозяйственных животных

пос. Дубровицы, 60, г. о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Nadezhda Vladimirovna Bogolyubova, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher, Head of the Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Farm Animals

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

652202@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8862-3648ЗеленченковаА. А.ZelenchenkovaA. A.

Алёна Анатольевна Зеленченкова, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией фундаментальных основ питания сельскохозяйственных животных и рыб

пос. Дубровицы, 60, г. о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Alena Anatolyevna Zelenchenkova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Fundamental Principles of Nutrition of Farm Animals and Fish

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

aly4383@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-0337ЛахонинП. Д.LakhoninP. D.

Павел Дмитриевич Лахонин, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории фундаментальных основ питания сельскохозяйственных животных и рыб

пос. Дубровицы, 60, г. о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Pavel Dmitrievich Lakhonin, Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Fundamental Principles of Nutrition of Farm Animals and Fish

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

lakhonin.99@mail.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. ЭрнстаРоссияL.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal HusbandryRussian Federation20252504202514113120Copyright © Колесник Н.С., Боголюбова Н.В., Зеленченкова А.А., Лахонин П.Д., 20252025Колесник Н.С., Боголюбова Н.В., Зеленченкова А.А., Лахонин П.Д.Kolesnik N.S., Bogolyubova N.V., Zelenchenkova A.A., Lakhonin P.D.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3582

В статье представлены результаты исследования влияния на процессы пищеварения и эмиссию метана у овец при скармливании фитогенных кормовых добавок на основе конденсированных танинов Lárix dahúrica и их комплекса с дигидрокверцетином.

Эксперимент проведен на базе физиологического двора ФИЦ ВИЖ им. Л.К. Эрнста на овцах романовской породы с хроническими фистулами рубца по Басову. Опыт проведен методом латинского квадрата 2 × 3 (n = 6). В первый период овцы получали сеноконцентратный рацион с содержанием 40% концентратов по питательности. Дозировка танинов составляла 5 г/гол в сутки, дигидрокверцетина — 0,1 г/гол в сутки. В конце каждого балансового опыта у всех животных (n = 6) отбирались пробы рубцового содержимого для определения показателей рубцового пищеварения. При скармливании изучаемых добавок наблюдалась тенденция к увеличению амилолитической активности в опытных группах. В контроле данный показатель составил 17,403 Е/мл, в первой опытной группе — 18,128 Е/мл, во второй — 18,423 Е/мл. Достоверно (p < 0,05) увеличивалось количество ЛЖК при потреблении комплексной добавки (танин + ДКВ) — 9,137 ммоль/мл против 8,385 ммоль/мл в контроле. Эти данные коррелируют с увеличением симбионтной микрофлоры (как бактерий (p = 0,013), так и инфузорий) относительно контроля в третьей группе (танин + ДКВ) и снижением — во второй.

При скармливании только танина уровень образования инфузорий был ниже, ниже концентрация ЛЖК после приема корма. Это указывает на угнетение микрофлоры под действием танина. Вместе с этим демонстрируется эффект синергизма в отношении действия танинов Lárix dahúrica и ДКВ на интенсификацию процессов рубцового пищеварения.

Наблюдается снижение выделения метана на 14,8% при потреблении танинов, на 26,8% — при потреблении комплексной добавки, что свидетельствует о наличии синергизма в действии изучаемых добавок на метаногенез у овец in vivo.

The article presents the results of a study of the effect on digestion processes and methane emissions in sheep when fed phytogenic feed additives based on condensed tannins of Lárix dahúrica and their complex with dihydroquercetin.

The experiment was conducted at the physiological yard of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry and Animal Welfare on Romanov sheep with chronic rumen fistulas according to Basov. The experiment was conducted using the 2 × 3 Latin square method (n = 6). In the first period, the sheep received a hay-concentrate diet containing 40% concentrates by nutritional value. The dosage of tannins was 5 g/head per day, dihydroquercetin — 0.1 g/head per day. At the end of each balance experiment, rumen contents were sampled from all animals (n = 6) to determine rumen digestion indices.

When feeding the studied additives, a tendency to increase amylolytic activity in the experimental groups is observed. In the control, this indicator was 17.403 U/ml, in the first experimental group — 18.128 U/ml, in the second — 18.423 U/ml. The amount of VFA significantly (p < 0.05) increased when consuming the complex additive (tannin + DHQ) — 9.137 mmol/ml versus 8.385 mmol/ml in the control. These data correlate with an increase in symbiotic microflora (both bacteria (p = 0.013) and ciliates) relative to the control in the third group (tannin + DHQ) and a decrease in the second. When feeding only tannin, the level of ciliate formation was lower and the concentration of VFA after feed intake was lower. This indicates the inhibition of microflora under the influence of tannin. At the same time, the synergistic effect of the action of Lárix dahúrica tannins and DQV on the intensification of rumen digestion processes is demonstrated. There is a decrease in methane release by 14.8% when consuming tannins, and by 26.8% when consuming a complex additive, which indicates the presence of synergy in the effect of the studied additives on methanogenesis in sheep in vivo.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.