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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-395-06-60-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3688</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние фермента липазы на метаболизм в рубце и усвояемость питательных веществ в организме бычков 14–15-месячного возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of the lipase enzyme on rumen metabolism and nutrient absorption in bull calves aged 14–15 months</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-0531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гречкина</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grechkina</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктория Владимировна Гречкина, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000</p><p>ул. Челюскинцев, 18, Оренбург, 460014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria Vladimirovna Grechkina, Candidate of Biological Sciences</p><p>29 January 9th Str., Orenburg, 460000</p><p>18 Chelyuskintsev Str., Orenburg, 460014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Viktoria1985too@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шейда</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheida</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Владимировна Шейда, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000</p><p>пр-т Победы, 13, Оренбург, 460018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Vladimirovna Sheida, Candidate of Biological Sciences</p><p>29 January 9th Str., Orenburg, 460000</p><p>13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena-shejjda@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-7002</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кван</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kvan</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Вилориевна Кван, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>ул. 9 Января, 29, Оренбург, 460000</p><p>пр-т Победы, 13, Оренбург, 460018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Vilorievna Kvan, Candidate of Biological Sciences</p><p>29 January 9th Str., Orenburg, 460000</p><p>13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kwan111@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7881-2602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топурия</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Topuria</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лариса Юрьевна Топурия, доктор биологических наук, профессор</p><p>пр-т Победы, 13, Оренбург, 460018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa Yurievna Topuria, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor</p><p>13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">golaso@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук; Оренбургский государственный аграрный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Orenburg State Agrarian University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук; Оренбургский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Orenburg State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Оренбургский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Orenburg State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гречкина В.В., Шейда Е.В., Кван О.В., Топурия Л.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гречкина В.В., Шейда Е.В., Кван О.В., Топурия Л.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grechkina V.V., Sheida E.V., Kvan O.V., Topuria L.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3688">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3688</self-uri><abstract><p>Липаза является ферментом, который отвечает за расщепление жиров на глицерин и свободные жирные кислоты. Эти продукты потом всасываются в желудочно-кишечном тракте животного и участвуют в образовании специфичных веществ жирового состава для каждого вида, которые затем используются организмом как источник энергии или откладываются в подлежащих тканях и внутренних органах.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучить влияние экзофермента липазы в дозировках 25 г/т и 50 г/т на метаболизм в рубце и усвояемость питательных веществ в организме жвачных. Объекты исследований — рубцовая жидкость (РЖ), полученная от бычков казахской белоголовой породы средней массой 310–320 кг в возрасте 14–15 месяцев (4 гол. в каждой группе). Экзоферментный препарат: I опытная группа — липаза 25 г/т; II опытная группа — липаза 50 г/т.</p><p>При увеличении концентрации липазы в кормах повышается значительно уровень общего азота в рубцовом содержимом, во II опытной группе этот показатель составил 99,42 ммоль/л, что выше на 24,55% относительно I опытной группы и на 50,60% (р ≤ 0,05) по сравнению с контролем. Переваримость сухого вещества в I опытной группе была выше на 6,09% (р ≤ 0,05), сырого протеина — на 5,22%, сырой клетчатки — на 6,10% (р ≤ 0,05), а также уровню усвоения эссенциальных и макроэлементов относительно контрольной группы. Таким образом, липаза является мощным стимулятором пищеварения для животных. Это может сказываться на росте и развитии бычков и снижать стоимость кормов, так как эффективность использования жира, содержащегося в основном сырье рациона, значительно повышается.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Lipase is an enzyme that is responsible for the breakdown of fats into glycerol and free fatty acids. These products are then absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract of the animal and are involved in the formation of specific fat compositions for each species, which are then used by the body as an energy source or deposited in the underlying tissues and internal organs. The aim of the study was to study the effect of lipase exoenzyme in dosages of 25 g/t and 50 g/t on rumen metabolism and nutrient absorption in ruminants. The objects of research are cicatricial fluid (RJ) obtained from Kazakh white-headed bull calves with an average weight of 310–320 kg at the age of 14–15 months (4 heads in each group). Exoenzyme preparation: experimental group I — lipase 25 g/t; experimental group II — lipase 50 g/t.</p><p>With an increase in the concentration of lipase in feed, the level of total nitrogen in the rumen content increases significantly, in the II experimental group this indicator was 99.42 mmol/l, which is 24.55% higher than in the I experimental group and 50.60% (p &lt; 0.05) higher than in the control. The digestibility of dry matter in the first experimental group was higher by 6.09% (p &lt; 0.05), crude protein — by 5.22%, crude fiber — by 6.10% (p &lt; 0.05), as well as the level of assimilation of essential and macronutrients relative to the control group. Thus, lipase is a powerful digestive stimulant for animals. This can affect the growth and development of calves and reduce the cost of feed, as the efficiency of using fat, which is contained in the main raw materials of the diet, increases significantly.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экзоферменты</kwd><kwd>кормление</kwd><kwd>метаболизм рубца</kwd><kwd>летучие жирные кислоты</kwd><kwd>метаболиты азота</kwd><kwd>липаза</kwd><kwd>коэффициенты переваримости</kwd><kwd>элементный обмен</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>exoenzymes</kwd><kwd>feeding</kwd><kwd>rumen metabolism</kwd><kwd>volatile fatty acids</kwd><kwd>nitrogen metabolites</kwd><kwd>lipase</kwd><kwd>digestibility coefficients</kwd><kwd>elemental metabolism</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-16-00061.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The research was carried out at the expense of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 23-16-00061.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dai Z. et al. 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