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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-396-07-92-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3745</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ фенотипической изменчивости кур различного направления продуктивности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the phenotypic variability of chickens of different productivity directions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5166-979X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вахрамеев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vakhrameev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Борисович Вахрамеев, главный селекционер группы сохранения генофондных пород кур</p><p>Московское шоссе, 55А, пос. Тярлево, Санкт-Петербург, 196625</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly Borisovich Vakhrameev, Chief Breeder of the Chicken Gene Pool Conservation Group</p><p>55А Moskovskoe Shosse, village Tyarlevo, St. Petersburg, 196625</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ab_poultry@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-2026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Позовникова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozovnikova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Владимировна Позовникова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики</p><p>Московское шоссе, 55А, пос. Тярлево, Санкт-Петербург, 196625</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Vladimirovna Pozovnikova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics </p><p>55А Moskovskoe Shosse, village Tyarlevo, St. Petersburg, 196625</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pozovnikova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2362-2892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябова</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabova</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Евгеньевна Рябова, аспирант лаборатории молекулярной генетики</p><p>Московское шоссе, 55А, пос. Тярлево, Санкт-Петербург, 196625</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Evgenievna Ryabova, Postgraduate Student in the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics</p><p>55А Moskovskoe Shosse, village Tyarlevo, St. Petersburg, 196625</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aniuta.riabova2016@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-2401</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>З. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Z. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зоя Леонидовна Федорова, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий специалист группы сохранения генофондных пород кур </p><p>Московское шоссе, 55А, пос. Тярлево, Санкт-Петербург, 196625</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zoya Leonidovna Fedorova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Leading Specialist</p><p>55А Moskovskoe Shosse, village Tyarlevo, St. Petersburg, 196625</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zoya-fspb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0210-9344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дементьева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dementieva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталия Викторовна Дементьева, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики</p><p>Московское шоссе, 55А, пос. Тярлево, Санкт-Петербург, 196625</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia Viktorovna Dementieva, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics</p><p>55А Moskovskoe Shosse, village Tyarlevo, St. Petersburg, 196625</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dementevan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных — филиал ФГБНУ&#13;
«Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding — Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вахрамеев А.Б., Позовникова М.В., Рябова А.Е., Федорова З.Л., Дементьева Н.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вахрамеев А.Б., Позовникова М.В., Рябова А.Е., Федорова З.Л., Дементьева Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vakhrameev A.B., Pozovnikova M.V., Ryabova A.E., Fedorova Z.L., Dementieva N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3745">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3745</self-uri><abstract><p>В птицеводстве оценка экстерьера кур необходима для определения соответствия кур породным стандартам и направлению продуктивности, а также для оценки генетического разнообразия. Объектом исследования являлись куры пород царскосельская (ЦС), пушкинская (П), русская белоснежная (РБ), новопавловская золотистая (НЗ), карликовый кохинхин (КК) и шелковая (Ш). На основании данных промеров тела были рассчитаны индекс длинноногости (ИД) и индекс эйрисомии (ИЭ). Исследования показали, что куры разного направления продуктивности отличаются по значениям живой массы, линейных промеров тела и степенью выраженности их взаимосвязей. Птицы комбинированного направления продуктивности отличались наибольшей длиной ног. Самое низкое значение ИД отмечено у КК (49,2%), при этом у них оказалось самое широкое и плотное телосложение согласно ИЭ. По этому показателю КК превзошли НЗ на 24,5%, ЦС на 24,4%, РБ на 12,2%. Большее число достоверных корреляционных связей между промерами тела было получено для РБ, что косвенно свидетельствует о высоком потенциале яичной продуктивности данной породы. У декоративных пород кур выявлено меньшее число достоверных корреляций, при этом признаки «обхват груди», «обхват плюсны» имели слабую взаимосвязь, в отличие от продуктивных пород. Наибольшее количество положительных корреляционных связей было получено для кур КК. Результаты кластерного анализа свидетельствуют о том, что куры различного направления продуктивности обладают характерными экстерьерными признаками, которые могут быть смоделированы с помощью анализа данных промеров тела.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In poultry, chicken exterior evaluation is necessary to determine the compliance of chickens with breed standards, productivity direction and to asses genetic diversity. The object of the study were hens of Tsarskoye Selo (Ts), Pushkin (Pus), Russian White (RW), Novopavlovo gold (NG), Cochin Dwarf (CD) and Silky (S) breeds. Long-leggedness index (LLI) and eurisomy index (EI) were calculated based on body measurements. Our studies showed that chickens of different productivity directions vary in values of live weight, linear body measurements and the degree of expression of their relationships. Dual-purpose breeds were characterized by the greatest leg length. The lowest LLI was observed in CCs (49.2%), and they appeared to have the widest and thickest constitution according to EI. The CD surpassed PG by 24.5%, S by 24.4%, and RW by 12.2% on this index. A greater number of reliable correlations between body measurements was obtained for RW hens, which indirectly indicates a high potential of egg productivity in this breed. Fancy chicken breeds showed a smaller number of reliable correlations, and the traits “chest girth”, “metatarsus girth” had a weak correlation in contrast to productive breeds. The greatest number of positive correlations was obtained for CD. The results of cluster analysis indicate that chickens of different productivity exhibit specific exterior traits, which can be modeled by analyzing body measurement data.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>куры</kwd><kwd>экстерьер</kwd><kwd>промеры тела</kwd><kwd>угол груди</kwd><kwd>индекс телосложения</kwd><kwd>фенотипическая изменчивость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chicken</kwd><kwd>exterior</kwd><kwd>body measurement</kwd><kwd>chest angle</kwd><kwd>body type index</kwd><kwd>phenotypic variability</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа проведена в рамках выполнения научных исследований Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ по теме № 124020200114-7.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was conducted within the framework of the scientific research of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation on topic No. 124020200114-7.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lawal R.A., Hanotte O. 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