vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2025-399-10-45-57vetpress-3861Research ArticleВЕТЕРИНАРИЯVETERINARY MEDICINEПослеотельные отклонения у коров и первотелок и способы их коррекцииPostpartum deviations in cows and first-calf heifers and methods for their correctionhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-3839-4469УстименкоА. В.UstimenkoA. V.

Анна Владимировна Устименко - аспирант,

пос. Дубровицы, 60, г. о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Anna Vladimirovna Ustimenko - Graduate Student,

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

anna-ustimenko94@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6236-8634АбиловА. И.AbilovA. I.

Ахмедага Имаш оглы Абилов - доктор биологических наук, профессор, заслуженныйдеятель науки Российской Федерации, главный научный сотрудник,

пос. Дубровицы, 60, г. о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Ahmedaga Imash Abilov - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Chief Researcher,

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

ahmed.abilov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-7504-348XКозменковП. Л.KozmenkovP. L.

Пётр Львович Козменков - кандидат биологических наук, руководитель отдела научного планирования,

ул. Невская, 19А, Нижний Новгород, 603009

Peter Lvovich Kozmenkov - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the Scientific Planning Department,

19A Nevskaya Str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603009

plk@altann.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. ЭрнстаРоссияL.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal HusbandryRussian FederationООО «Альта НН»РоссияAlta NN LLCRussian Federation2025021120250104557Copyright © Устименко А.В., Абилов А.И., Козменков П.Л., 20252025Устименко А.В., Абилов А.И., Козменков П.Л.Ustimenko A.V., Abilov A.I., Kozmenkov P.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3861

Представлен научный анализ современных зарубежных публикаций по изучению послеотельных отклонений у коров и первотелок и способов их коррекции. Учитывая, что отечественные публикации по данной теме находятся в свободном доступе, было решено подготовить обзор по проблемам на основании данных зарубежных статей.

В обзоре нашли свое отражение публикации, которые показывают, как этиологический фактор влияет на послеотельные отклонения у коров и первотелок. Обращено внимание на факторы, вызывающие различные послеотельные осложнения — гипокальциемию, кетоз, задержание последа, болезни матки, которые впоследствии снижают эффективность воспроизводства, молочную продуктивность, продуктивное долголетие в стадах. Основные меры профилактики этих отклонений на основании исследований зарубежных авторов описаны в данном обзоре.

Данный обзор позволяет читателям расширить познания по проблемам у животных после отела, а именно учитывать некоторые физиологические изменения, которые в той или иной степени могут стать причиной развития различных отклонений, а также позволит практикам применять методы профилактики и коррекции этих осложнений до развития тяжелых и необратимых последствий.

A scientific analysis of modern foreign publications on postpartum deviations in cows and firstcalving heifers and methods for their correction was carried out. Considering that domestic publications on this topic are freely available, it was decided to prepare a review of the problems based on data from foreign articles.

The review reflects publications that show how the etiological factor affects postpartum abnormalities in cows and first-born heifers. Attention is drawn to the factors that cause various postpartum complications, such as hypocalcemia, ketosis, afterbirth retention, uterine diseases that subsequently reduce reproductive efficiency, milk production, and productive longevity in herds. The main preventive measures for these deviations based on research by foreign authors are described in this review.

This review allows readers to expand their knowledge of problems in animals after calving, namely, to take into account some physiological changes that, to one degree or another, can cause the development of various deviations, and will also allow practitioners to apply methods for the prevention and correction of these complications before the development of severe and irreversible consequences.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.