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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-399-10-81-90</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3864</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>L-карнитин-индуцированные изменения в профиле экспрессии ключевых генов у цыплят-бройлеров кросса «Смена 9» с учетом половых различий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>L-carnitine-induced changes in the expression profile of key genes in broiler chickens of the “Smena 9” cross, taking into account sex differences</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5846-5105</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Йылдырым</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yildirim</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Йылдырым - доктор биологических наук, главный биотехнологмолекулярно-генетической лаборатории, бульвар Загребский, 19, корп. 1, кв. 13, Санкт-Петербург, 192284;</p><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры крупного животноводства, Петербургское шоссе, 2, Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Alexandrovna Yildirim - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Chief Biotechnologist of the Molecular Genetics Laboratory, 19 Zagrebsky Boulevard, 1 building, 13 apartment, St. Petersburg, 192284;</p><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Large-scale Animal Husbandry, Peterburgskoye Shosse, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">deniz@biotrof.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-4844</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лариса Александровна Ильина - доктор биологических наук, начальник молекулярно-генетической лаборатории, бульвар Загребский, 19, корп. 1, кв. 13, Санкт-Петербург, 192284;</p><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры крупного животноводства, Петербургское шоссе, 2, Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa Alexandrovna Ilyina - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of the Molecular Genetics Laboratory, 19 Zagrebsky Boulevard, 1 building, 13 apartment, St. Petersburg, 192284;</p><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Large-scale Animal Husbandry, Peterburgskoye Shosse, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilina@biotrof.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-6659</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаптев</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laptev</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Георгий Юрьевич Лаптев - доктор биологических наук, директор,</p><p>бульвар Загребский, 19, корп. 1, кв. 13, Санкт-Петербург, 192284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>George Yurievich Laptev - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Director,</p><p>19 Zagrebsky Boulevard, 1 building, 13 apartment, St. Petersburg, 192284</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">laptev@biotrof.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8789-9837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Анатольевна Филиппова - биотехнолог, бульвар Загребский, 19, корп. 1, кв. 13, Санкт-Петербург, 192284;</p><p>старший преподаватель кафедры крупного животноводства, Петербургское шоссе, 2, Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina Anatolyevna Filippova - Biotechnologist, 19 Zagrebsky Boulevard, 1 building, 13 apartment, St. Petersburg, 192284;</p><p>Senior Lecturer of the Department of Large-scale Animal Husbandry, Peterburgskoye Shosse, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">filippova@biotrof.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-2432</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрина</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyurina</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Георгиевна Тюрина - кандидат экономических наук, заместитель директора по финансам,</p><p>бульвар Загребский, 19, корп. 1, кв. 13, Санкт-Петербург, 192284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria Georgievna Tyurina - Candidate of Economic Sciences, Deputy Director of Finance,</p><p>19 Zagrebsky Boulevard, 1 building, 13 apartment, St. Petersburg, 192284</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tiurina@biotrof.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9541-6839</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения Андреевна Соколова - биотехнолог, бульвар Загребский, 19, корп. 1, кв. 13, Санкт-Петербург, 192284;</p><p>ассистент кафедры крупного животноводства, Петербургское шоссе, 2, Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenya Andreevna Sokolova - Biotechnologist, 19 Zagrebsky Boulevard, 1 building, 13 apartment, St. Petersburg, 192284;</p><p>Assistant of the Department of Large Animal Husbandry, Peterburgskoye Shosse, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksenya.k.a@biotrof.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заикин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaikin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Александрович Заикин -биотехнолог,</p><p>бульвар Загребский, 19, корп. 1, кв. 13, Санкт-Петербург, 192284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily Alexandrovich Zaikin - Biotechnologist,</p><p>19 Zagrebsky Boulevard, 1 building, 13 apartment, St. Petersburg, 192284</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dfcx@biotrof.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4336-8273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Сергеевна Пономарева - биотехнолог,</p><p>бульвар Загребский, 19, корп. 1, кв. 13, Санкт-Петербург, 192284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Sergeevna Ponomareva - Biotechnologist,</p><p>19 Zagrebsky Boulevard, 1 building, 13 apartment, St. Petersburg, 192284</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kate@biotrof.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-6336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисинин</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisinin</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Иванович Фисинин - доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, академик Российской академии наук, научный руководитель,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir Ivanovich Fisinin - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Supervisor,</p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga@vnitip.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9122-9553</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Афанасьевич Егоров - доктор биологических наук, профессор, академикРоссийской академии наук, руководитель научного направления «Питание птицы»,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan Afanasievich Egorov - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Scientific Field “Poultry Nutrition”,</p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5102-2248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Анатольевна Егорова - доктор сельскохозяйственных наук,ведущий научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana Anatolyevna Egorova - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Leading Researcher,</p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eta164@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-4427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манукян</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manukyan</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вардгес Агавардович Манукян - доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, главный научныйсотрудник, заведующий отделом питания птицы,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vardges Agavardovich Manukyan - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Chief Researcher, Head of the Poultry Nutrition Department,</p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">manukyan@vnitip.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8391-5000</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ленкова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lenkova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Николаевна Ленкова - доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор,главный научный сотрудник, главный ученый секретарь,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana Nikolaevna Lenkova - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher, Chief Scientific Secretary, </p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dissovet@vnitip.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-7381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтярева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degtyareva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Николаевна Дегтярева - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Nikolaevna Degtyareva - Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Researcher,</p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fncvnitip@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2911-5640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тишенкова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tishenkova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Сергеевна Тишенковa - младший научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria Sergeevna Tishenkova - Junior Researcher,</p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tishenkova.m@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Сергеевна Демидова - младший научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Sergeevna Demidova - Junior Researcher,</p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mixalysha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5100-4843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашпоров</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashporov</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лев Михайлович Кашпоров - специалист,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lev Mikhailovich Kashporov - Specialist,</p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lev-lud2@live.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-196X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пащенко</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashchenko</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктория Евгеньевна Пащенко - специалист,</p><p>ул. Птицеградская, 10, Сергиев Посад, Московская обл., 141311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria Evgenievna Pashchenko - Specialist,</p><p>10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, 141311</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">viktoriia_pashchenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Биотроф+»;&#13;
Санкт-Петербургский государственный аграрный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“Biotrof”+ Ltd;&#13;
Saint Petersburg State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Биотроф+»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“Biotrof”+ Ltd</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский и технологический институт птицеводства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center «All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Йылдырым Е.А., Ильина Л.А., Лаптев Г.Ю., Филиппова В.А., Тюрина Д.Г., Соколова К.А., Заикин В.А., Пономарева Е.С., Фисинин В.И., Егоров И.А., Егорова Т.А., Манукян В.А., Ленкова Т.Н., Дегтярева О.Н., Тишенкова М.С., Демидова Е.С., Кашпоров Л.М., Пащенко В.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Йылдырым Е.А., Ильина Л.А., Лаптев Г.Ю., Филиппова В.А., Тюрина Д.Г., Соколова К.А., Заикин В.А., Пономарева Е.С., Фисинин В.И., Егоров И.А., Егорова Т.А., Манукян В.А., Ленкова Т.Н., Дегтярева О.Н., Тишенкова М.С., Демидова Е.С., Кашпоров Л.М., Пащенко В.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yildirim E.A., Ilyina L.A., Laptev G.Y., Filippova V.A., Tyurina D.G., Sokolova K.A., Zaikin V.A., Ponomareva E.S., Fisinin V.I., Egorov I.A., Egorova T.A., Manukyan V.A., Lenkova T.N., Degtyareva O.N., Tishenkova M.S., Demidova E.S., Kashporov L.M., Pashchenko V.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3864">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3864</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Исследование влияния L-карнитина на продуктивность и экспрессию генов цыплят-бройлеров с учетом половых различий актуально для оптимизации кормления и повышения эффективности производства.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучение влияния L-карнитина в различных дозировках на экспрессию ключевых генов у цыплят-бройлеров кросса «Смена 9».</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Были сформированы группы: I (контрольная) получала основной рацион (ОР), II (опытная) — ОР + L-карнитин в дозировке 30 г/т корма, III (опытная) — ОР + L-карнитин в дозировке 60 г/т корма, IV (опытная) — ОР + L-карнитин в дозировке 90 г/т корма.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Добавление в корм 60–90 г/т L-карнитина (III и IV опытные группы) увеличивало прирост живой массы петушков (на 115 г и 119 г соответственно) по сравнению с контрольной группой (I) (р ≤ 0,05). Аналогичные данные были получены для курочек. У петушков в III группе экспрессия AvBD9 была повышена в 54,4 раза (р ≤ 0,05) по сравнению с контролем, а в IV группе экспрессия AvBD10 увеличилась в 10,3 раза (р ≤ 0,05). У курочек L-карнитин ингибировал экспрессию AvBD9 (снижение в 7 раз для II группы, р ≤ 0,05) и AvBD10 (снижение в 5,7 раза для II группы, р ≤ 0,05). Повышалась экспрессия IL6 (в 2,3 раза в III группе и 1,9 раза в IV группе, р ≤ 0,05) и IL8L2 (максимально в 3,3 раза во II группе, р ≤ 0,05). L-карнитин оказывает комплексное воздействие на молекулярные процессы в слепых отростках, однако эти эффекты могут отличаться в зависимости от пола птицы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The study of the effect of L-carnitine on the productivity and gene expression of broiler chickens, taking into account sex differences, is relevant for optimizing feeding and increasing production efficiency.</p><p>The aim of the study was to study the effect of L-carnitine in various dosages on the expression of key genes in broiler chickens of the “Smena 9” cross.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Groups were formed: I (control) received the basic ration (RR), II (experimental) — RR + L-carnitine at a dosage of 30 g/t of feed, III (experimental) — RR + L-carnitine at a dosage of 60 g/t of feed, IV (experimental) — RR + L-carnitine in a dosage of 90 g / ton of feed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The addition of 60–90 g/t of L-carnitine to the feed (experimental groups III and IV) increased the live weight gain of roosters (by 115 g and 119 g, respectively) compared with the control group (I) (p &lt; 0.05). Similar data was obtained for chickens. In the cockerels in group III, the expression of AvBD9 was increased by 54.4 times (p &lt; 0.05) compared with the control, and in group IV, the expression of AvBD10 increased by 10.3 times (p &lt; 0.05). In chickens, L-carnitine inhibited the expression of AvBD9 (a decrease of 7 times for group II, p &lt; 0.05) and AvBD10 (a decrease of 5.7 times for group II, p &lt; 0.05). The expression of IL6 increased (2.3-fold in group III and 1.9-fold in group IV, p &lt; 0.05) and IL8L2 (maximum 3.3- fold in group II, p &lt; 0.05). L-carnitine has a complex effect on molecular processes in the blind processes, however, these effects may differ depending on the sex of the bird.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цыплята-бройлеры</kwd><kwd>L-карнитин</kwd><kwd>экспрессия ключевых генов</kwd><kwd>кросс «Смена 9»</kwd><kwd>количественная ПЦР с обратной транскрипцией</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>broiler chickens</kwd><kwd>L-carnitine</kwd><kwd>expression of key genes</kwd><kwd>cross “Smena 9”</kwd><kwd>quantitative PCR with reverse transcription</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования поддержаны грантом РНФ № 22-66-00061 «Экспрессия генов продуктивности и резистентности кур нового отечественного кросса “Смена 9” и ее влияние на иммунитет, особенности реализации генетического потенциала продуктивности при разном энергоаминокислотном питании».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The studies were supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 22-66-00061 «Expression of Genes for Productivity and Resistance in Chickens of the New Domestic Cross “Smena 9” and Its Effect on Immunity, and the Realization of the Genetic Potential for Productivity under Different Energy-Amino Acid Nutritional Regimes.»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фисинин В.И. и др. 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