vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2025-399-10-102-109vetpress-3866Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯZOOTECHNICSИдентификация QTL, локализованных в регионах гомозиготности у пород овец, разводимых в РоссииIdentification of QTL localized in the runs of homozygosity in sheep breeds raised in Russiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5809-1262ДенисковаТ. Е.DeniskovaT. E.

Татьяна Евгеньевна Денискова - кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник,

пос. Дубровицы, 60, г. о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132,

Tatiana Evgenievna Deniskova - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher,

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

horarka@yandex.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. ЭрнстаРоссияL.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal HusbandryRussian Federation202502112025010102109Copyright © Денискова Т.Е., 20252025Денискова Т.Е.Deniskova T.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3866Актуальность

Актуальность. Локусы количественных признаков (QTL) представляют собой геномные регионы, влияющие на экономически значимые характеристики овец. Изучение распределения QTL в геномах пород овец, разводимых в России, пересекающихся с регионами селекции, актуально для углубления понимания генетических механизмов, лежащих в основе их фенотипической вариабельности.

Методы

Методы. Материалом для исследования служили полногеномные SNP-профили 10 пород овец, включающие 42230 SNP и сгенерированные с помощью биочипов OvineSNP50 BeadChip и Ovine Infinium HD BeadChip (Illumina, США). Фильтрация и контроль качества генотипирования были выполнены с использованием PLINK v1.90. В качестве индикаторов островков гомозиготности (ROH) в геноме овец были отобраны перекрывающиеся гомозиготные сегменты (ROH) с минимальной длиной 0,3 Мб, общие более чем для 50% образцов внутри породы. Анализ совпадений геномных координат островков гомозиготности с QTL был проведен с использованием базы Sheep QTLdb.

Результаты

Результаты. Выявлено, что 58 уникальных QTL были локализованы внутри островков гомозиготности у 10 пород овец. Наиболее часто встречающимися показателями были живая масса (10,34%), масса жира в туше (8,62%), вес парной туши (6,9%), количество молока (удой) (6,9%). В островках ROH буубэй и карачаевской породы был выявлен QTL 127011, ассоциированный с отложением жира в области хвоста. Большая группа QTL, расположенных в островках ROH, была выявлена в экспериментах по картированию QTL, ассоциированных с молочной и мясной продуктивностью, в ресурсных популяциях.

Relevance

Relevance. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) are genomic regions that influence economically significant traits of sheep. Addressing the QTL distribution in the genomes of sheep breeds raised in Russia, overlapping with selection signatures, is relevant for deepening the understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying their phenotypic variability.

Methods

Methods. The materials for the study were genome-wide SNP profiles of ten sheep breeds that included 42,230 SNPs and were generated using the OvineSNP50 BeadChip and Ovine Infinium HD BeadChip Arrays (Illumina, USA). Genotyping quality control and filtering were performed using PLINK v1.90. Overlapping homozygous segments (ROH) with a minimum length of 0.3 MB, common to more than 50% of the samples within the breed, were selected as indicators of islands of homozygosity (ROH) in the sheep genome. Matching analysis of the genomic coordinates of the runs of homozygosity islands with QTL was performed using the Sheep QTLdb database.

Results

Results. We found that 58 unique QTL were localized within the runs of homozygosity islands in ten sheep breeds. The most frequent traits body weight (10.34%), fat weight in carcass (8.62%), hot carcass weight (6.9%), and milk yield (6.9%). QTL #127011 associated with fat deposition in tail was identified in the ROH islands in Buubei and Karachay breeds. A large group of QTLS located in ROH islands were identified in experiments on QTL mapping associated with milk and meat productivity in resource populations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.