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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-399-10-167-173</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3872</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОНОМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка резистентности сортов озимой мягкой пшеницы к Puccinia triticina в условиях Нижнего Дона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Estimation of winter common wheat varieties’ resistance to Puccinia triticina in the Lower Don</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-6440</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кононенко</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kononenko</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Сергеевна Кононенко - агроном,</p><p>ул. Научный городок, 3, Зерноград, 347740, Ростовская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Sergeevna Kononenko - Agronomist,</p><p>3 Nauchny Gorodok, Zernograd, Rostov region, 347740</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olapavlenko3008@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3863-0297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкин</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkin</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Васильевич Шишкин - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Научный городок, 3, Зерноград, 347740, Ростовская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay Vasilievich Shishkin - Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Leading Researcher,</p><p>3 Nauchny Gorodok, Zernograd, Rostov region, 347740</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nik.shiskin.1961@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6015-5616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорошенко</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doroshenko</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Сергеевна Дорошенко - младший научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Научный городок, 3, Зерноград, 347740, Ростовская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Sergeevna Doroshenko - Junior Researcher,</p><p>3 Nauchny Gorodok, Zernograd, Rostov region, 347740</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katyalevchenko1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Аграрный научный центр «Донской»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>167</fpage><lpage>173</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кононенко О.С., Шишкин Н.В., Дорошенко Е.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кононенко О.С., Шишкин Н.В., Дорошенко Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kononenko O.S., Shishkin N.V., Doroshenko E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3872">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3872</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Использование устойчивых сортов пшеницы является эффективным, экологически и экономически выгодным методом борьбы с бурой ржавчиной. Селекция на устойчивость к болезням является альтернативой химикатам и способствует стабильному производству зерна.</p><p>Цели исследования — оценка устойчивости сортов озимой пшеницы к бурой ржавчине и выявление источников с высокой устойчивостью к возбудителю.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Изучение устойчивости сортов озимой пшеницы обыкновенной к бурой ржавчине проводили на инфекционном участке лаборатории иммунитета и защиты растений ФГБУ «АРЦ “Донской”» с 2019 по 2023 год. Объектом исследования был фитопатогенный гриб Puccinia triticina Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici Erirss. et Henn, вызывающий бурую ржавчину. Материалом исследования послужили 98 сортов озимой пшеницы обыкновенной. Благоприятные погодные условия способствовали активному развитию болезни на листьях, что позволило получить достоверные данные об устойчивости сортов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Исследование показало, что преобладали сорта озимой пшеницы, устойчивые к бурой ржавчине, их процент варьировал от 80,6 (2022 г.) до 92,6 (2020 г.). В этой группе были выделены новые районированные сорта — Жаворонок, Вольный Дон, Приазовье. Устойчивые сорта играют важную роль в экологизации продукции и окружающей среды. Проанализировав динамику устойчивости изучаемых сортов за пять лет (2019–2023 гг.), было выявлено, что 81,6% (80 сортов) устойчивы к возбудителю бурой ржавчины (поражаемость этой группы сортов не превышала 15%). Выявленные в ходе исследования сорта озимой пшеницы могут быть специально использованы в селекционных программах в качестве источников устойчивости к бурой ржавчине.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The use of resistant wheat varieties is an effective, ecologically and economically advantageous method of combating brown rust. Breeding for disease resistance is an alternative to chemicals and promotes stable grain production. The purpose of the study is to assess the resistance of winter wheat varieties to brown rust and identify sources with high resistance to the pathogen.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The study of brown rust resistance of winter common wheat varieties was carried out at the infectious plot of the laboratory for immunity and plant protection of the FSBSI «ARC “Donskoy”» from 2019 to 2023. The object of the study was the phytopathogenic fungus Puccinia triticina Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici Erirss. et Henn, which causes brown rust. The material of the study was 98 winter common wheat varieties. Favorable weather conditions contributed to the active development of the disease on the leaves, which made it possible to obtain reliable data on the varieties’ resistance.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study has found that the winter common wheat varieties resistant to brown rust predominated, their percentage varying from 80.6 (2022) to 92.6 (2020). In this group there have been identified new zoned — Zhavoronok, Volny Don, Priazovie and others. Resistant varieties play an important role in greening products and the environment. Having analyzed the dynamics of resistance of the studied varieties over five years (2019–2023), there has been identified that 81.6% (80 varieties) are resistant to the brown rust pathogen (the damage to this set of varieties did not exceed 15%). The winter wheat varieties identified in the study can be specifically used in breeding programs as sources of brown rust resistance.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>озимая мягкая пшеница</kwd><kwd>бурая ржавчина</kwd><kwd>Puccinia triticina</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>вирулентность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>winter common wheat</kwd><kwd>brown rust</kwd><kwd>Puccinia triticina</kwd><kwd>tolerance</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>virulence</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки России № 0706-2019-0003 и № 0505-2022-0003.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The current study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 0706-2019-0003 and No. 0505-2022-0003.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Riaz M., Wong Y. 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