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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-400-11-22-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3889</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние функциональных таргетных пробиотиков на показатели неспецифической резистентности молодняка сельскохозяйственных животных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of functional targeted probiotics on the indicators of nonspecific resistance in young farm animals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8264-1156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Севастьянова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sevastyanova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Владимировна Севастьянова - кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник </p><p>пос. Биокомбината, 17, г. о. Лосино-Петровский, Московская обл., 141142 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Tatyana Vladimirovna Sevastyanova - Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher </p><p>17 Biokombinata Village, Losino-Petrovsky Urban District, Moscow Region, 141142 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatianankenegen@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уша</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usha</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борис Вениаминович Уша - доктор ветеринарных наук, профессор, академик РАН</p><p> Волоколамское шоссе, 11, Москва, 125080 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Boris Veniaminovich Usha - Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences </p><p> 11 Volokolamskoye Shosse, Moscow, 125080 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">UshaBV@mgupp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носков</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Noskov</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Борисович Носков - доктор ветеринарных наук, профессор </p><p>им. В.Я. Горина, ул. им. Вавилова, 1, пос. Майский, Белгородская обл., 308503 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Sergey Borisoviсh Noskov - Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor </p><p> 1 Vavilov Str., Maisky village, Belgorod region, 308503 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Noskovvetlab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7307-4524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Альшевская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alshevskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алина Анатольевна Альшевская - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник </p><p> ул. Большая Пироговская, 2, стр. 4, Москва, 119991 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Alina Anatolyevna Alshevskaya - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher </p><p> 2/4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow, 119991 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alshevskaya_a_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский и технологический&#13;
институт биологической промышленности</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research and Technological Institute of Biological Industry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский биотехнологический университет (РОСБИОТЕХ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Biotechnological University (ROSBIOTECH)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белгородский государственный аграрный университет им. В.Я. Горина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State Agricultural University named after V.Ya. Gorin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет&#13;
им. И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Sechenovskiy University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Севастьянова Т.В., Уша Б.В., Носков С.Б., Альшевская А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Севастьянова Т.В., Уша Б.В., Носков С.Б., Альшевская А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sevastyanova T.V., Usha B.V., Noskov S.B., Alshevskaya A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3889">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3889</self-uri><abstract><p> В статье рассмотрены взаимосвязь оси «кишечник — печень» и механизмы влияния функциональных таргетных пробиотиков на показатели неспецифической резистентности сельскохозяйственных животных. В ходе эволюции у животных сформировалась многоуровневая система защиты от факторов внешней среды, ведущим компонентом которой является иммунная система, распознающая патоген-ассоциированные молекулярные паттерны и инициирующая врожденные и адаптивные иммунные реакции. Особое значение имеют фагоцитоз и гуморальные факторы естественной резистентности (лизоцим, пропердин, бактерицидная активность сыворотки крови), а также микробиота кишечника, регулирующая иммунный гомеостаз в рамках оси «кишечник — печень». Полученные экспериментальные данные демонстрируют выраженный иммуномодулирующий эффект, проявляющийся в достоверном усилении фагоцитарной активности нейтрофилов на 10–40% в зависимости от вида животных, при этом максимальные значения зафиксированы у поросят — прирост составил 40,95% (p &lt; 0,001) к 60-му дню эксперимента. Исследование выявило значительное повышение лизоцимной активности сыворотки крови, достигающее у телят Бессоновской породы 70,27% (p &lt; 0,001) к окончанию периода наблюдения. Наиболее ранний ответ отмечен со стороны бактерицидной активности, где статистически значимые различия с контролем регистрировались уже на 3-й день у телят и на 10-й день у поросят, с максимальным приростом показателя на 43,15% (p &lt; 0,001).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the relationship between the “gut — liver” axis and the mechanisms of influence of functional targeted probiotics on the indicators of nonspecific resistance of farm animals. During evolution, animals have developed a multi-level defense system against environmental factors, the leading component of which is the immune system. This system recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns and initiates innate and adaptive immune responses. Of particular importance are phagocytosis and humoral factors of natural resistance (lysozyme, properdin, bactericidal activity of blood serum), as well as the intestinal microbiota, which regulates immune homeostasis within the framework of the “gut — liver” axis. The obtained experimental data demonstrate a pronounced immunomodulatory effect, manifested in a significant increase in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils by 10–40%, depending on the animal species. The maximum values were recorded in piglets, with an increase of 40.95% (p &lt; 0.001) by the 60th day of the experiment. The study revealed a significant increase in the lysozyme activity of blood serum, reaching 70.27% (p &lt; 0.001) in Bessonovka calves by the end of the observation period. The earliest response was noted in bactericidal activity, where statistically significant differences from the control group were recorded as early as day 3 in calves and day 10 in piglets, with a maximum increase in the indicator of 43.15% (p &lt; 0.001).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>таргетные пробиотики</kwd><kwd>функциональные кормовые добавки</kwd><kwd>гепатопротекторы</kwd><kwd>фагоцитарная активность</kwd><kwd>лизоцимная активность</kwd><kwd>бактерицидная активность</kwd><kwd>факторы естественной резистентности животных</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>targeted probiotics</kwd><kwd>functional feed additives</kwd><kwd>hepatoprotectors</kwd><kwd>phagocytic activity</kwd><kwd>lysozyme activity</kwd><kwd>bactericidal activity and natural resistance factors in animals</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лазарева Т.С., Жвания Ф.Ф. 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