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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-401-12-22-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3931</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение вида Escherichia сoli: проблемы таксономии и филогении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Definition of the species Escherichia coli: problems of taxonomy and phylogeny</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6001-6739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Николаевич Панин, доктор ветеринарных наук, профессор, академик Российской академии наук, советник</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander Nikolaevich Panin, Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Advisor</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoe highway, Moscow, 123022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexanderpanin5083@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3374-2601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моторыгин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Motorygin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антон Валерьевич Моторыгин, кандидат ветеринарных наук, заведующий научно-технологической лабораторией</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton Valerievich Motorygin, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Head of the Scientific and Technological Laboratory</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoe highway, Moscow, 123022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avmotorygin@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8701-301X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абросимова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abrosimova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Сергеевна Абросимова, старший научный сотрудник научно-технологической лаборатории</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda Sergeevna Abrosimova, Senior Researcher at the Scientific and Technological Laboratory</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoe highway, Moscow, 123022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.abrosimova@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Межиева</surname><given-names>З. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mezhieva</surname><given-names>Z. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зарина Хамзатовна Межиева, кандидат ветеринарных наук, главный специалист отдела бактериологии</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zarina Khamzatovna Mezhieva, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Chief Specialist of the Department of Bacteriology</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoe highway, Moscow, 123022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zarina@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8924-2273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прасолова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prasolova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Владимировна Прасолова, доктор ветеринарных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела молекулярной биологии</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Vladimirovna Prasolova, Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Department of Molecular Biology</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoe highway, Moscow, 123022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.prasolova@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-413X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маноян</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manoyan</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Геворковна Маноян, кандидат ветеринарных наук, заведующая отделом микологии</p><p>Звенигородское шоссе, 5, Москва, 123022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Gevorkovna Manoyan, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Head of the Department of Mycology</p><p>5 Zvenigorodskoe highway, Moscow, 123022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mycology@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский государственный центр качества и стандартизации лекарственных средств для животных и кормов<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панин А.Н., Моторыгин А.В., Абросимова Н.С., Межиева З.Х., Прасолова О.В., Маноян М.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панин А.Н., Моторыгин А.В., Абросимова Н.С., Межиева З.Х., Прасолова О.В., Маноян М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Panin A.N., Motorygin A.V., Abrosimova N.S., Mezhieva Z.K., Prasolova O.V., Manoyan M.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3931">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3931</self-uri><abstract><p>Escherichia coli является компонентом нормальной кишечной микробиоты человека и животных. Фенотипические и генотипические характеристики позволяют идентифицировать патогенные штаммы E. coli. Многочисленные патотипы, представляющие собой группы штаммов со специфическими патогенными характеристиками, были описаны на основе гетерогенных критериев. Использование возможностей полногеномного секвенирования привело к накоплению геномных данных, которые делают возможным популяционно-филогенетический подход к возникновению вирулентности, таким образом, E. coli дополнительно можно классифицировать на филогенетические группы. При анализе литературных данных установлено, что непатогенные E. coli, обитающие в желудочно-кишечном тракте животных, относятся к группе A, комменсальные и некоторые патогенные штаммы относятся к группе B1, InPEC — к группам D1, D2 и E, большинство ExPEC относятся к группе B2, а штаммы, которые фенотипически неразличимы и генетически разнообразны, относятся к кладу I. Появляющиеся штаммы E. coli с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью сложнее поддаются лечению и обусловливают более высокий риск бактериемии. Для эффективной профилактики и лечения инфекций, этиологическим агентом которых является E. coli, необходимо различать штаммы (патотипы, филогенетические группы) микроорганизма, вызывающие заболевания у животных, и штаммы, которые поражают человека через пищевую цепь, поскольку животные являются их резервуаром. Для разработки и внедрения эффективных профилактических стратегий необходимо лучшее понимание современной таксономии возбудителя, а также прослеживание геномной эволюции для формирования фундаментальных знаний с целью разработки не только эффективных вакцин, но и новых терапевтических средств для борьбы с этой группой разнообразных патогенов в рамках подхода «Единое здоровье».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Escherichia coli is a component of the normal intestinal microbiota of humans and animals. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics allow the identification of pathogenic E. coli strains. Numerous pathotypes, representing groups of strainswith specific pathogenic characteristics, have been described based on heterogeneous criteria. The use of whole-genome sequencing has led to the accumulation of genomic data that enable a population-phylogenetic approach to the emergence of virulence, thus allowing E. coli to be further classified into phylogenetic groups. An analysis of the literature data revealed that non-pathogenic E. coli living in the gastrointestinal tract of animals belong to group A, commensal and some pathogenic strains belong to group B1, InPEC belong to groups D1, D2 and E, most ExPEC belong to group B2, and strains that are phenotypically indistinguishable and genetically diverse, belong to Clade I. Emerging multidrug-resistant E. coli strains are more difficult to treat and pose a higher risk of bacteremia. Effective prevention and treatment of E. coli infections requires distinguishing between strains (pathotypes, phylogenetic groups) of the microorganism that cause disease in animals and strains that infect humans through the food chain, as animals serve as their reservoir. The development and implementation of effective preventive strategies requires a better understanding of the current taxonomy of the pathogen, as well as tracing its genomic evolution to generate fundamental knowledge for the development of not only effective vaccines but also new therapeutics to combat this diverse group of pathogens within the framework of a One Health approach.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Escherichia coli</kwd><kwd>эволюция</kwd><kwd>таксономия</kwd><kwd>филогения</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>патогенность</kwd><kwd>факторы вирулентности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Escherichia coli</kwd><kwd>evolution</kwd><kwd>taxonomy</kwd><kwd>phylogeny</kwd><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>pathogenicity</kwd><kwd>virulence factors</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда № 24-26-00202. https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-00202</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The research was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation No. 24-26-00202. https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-00202</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Escherich T. 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