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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2025-401-12-36-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-3933</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дифференциальные цитофизиологические маркеры эритроидных прекурсоров, зрелых эритроидных клеток и теней эритроидных клеток вследствие эриптоза в организме животных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Differential cytophysiological markers of erythroid precursors, mature erythroid cells and shadows of erythroid cells in as a result of eryptosis in organism of animals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2326-651X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесник</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnik</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Анатольевич Колесник, доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры физиологии, экологии человека и медико-биологических знаний</p><p>ул. Радио, 10А, стр. 2, Москва, 105005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy Anatolyevich Kolesnik, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Physiology, Human Ecology and Medical and Biological Knowledge</p><p>10A/2 Radio Str., Moscow, 105005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniy251082@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3818-0556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дерхо</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derkho</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Аркадьевна Дерхо, доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой естественно-научных дисциплин Института ветеринарной медицины</p><p>ул. им. Гагарина, 13, Троицк, 457100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Arkadyevna Derkho, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Natural Sciences at the Institute of Veterinary Medicine</p><p>13 Gagarin Str., Troitsk, 457100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">derkho2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-5143</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ребезов</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rebezov</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Борисович Ребезов, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, кандидат ветеринарных наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник;  доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, кандидат ветеринарных наук, профессор кафедры биотехнологии и пищевых продуктов</p><p>ул. им. Талалихина, 26, Москва, 109316</p><p>ул. им. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim Borisovich Rebezov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher; Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Professor of the Department of Biotechnology and Food Products</p><p>26 Talalikhin Str., Moscow, 109316</p><p>42 Karl Liebknecht Str., Yekaterinburg, 620075</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rebezov@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6155-8310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швецов</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvetsov</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глеб Геннадьевич Швецов, кандидат педагогических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой методики преподавания химии, биологии, экологии и географии</p><p>ул. Радио, 10А, стр. 2, Москва, 105005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gleb Gennadievich Shvetsov, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate professor, Head of the Department of Methods of Teaching Chemistry, Biology, Ecology and Geography</p><p>10A/2 Radio Str., Moscow, 105005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glebec13@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3696-9270</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штакк</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtakk</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Анатольевна Штакк, старший преподаватель кафедры физиологии, экологии человека и медико-биологических знаний</p><p>ул. Радио, 10А, стр. 2, Москва, 105005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Anatolyevna Shtakk, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Physiology, Human Ecology and Medical and Biological Knowledge</p><p>10A/2 Radio Str., Moscow, 105005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shtakk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственный университет просвещения<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State University of Education<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Южно-Уральский государственный аграрный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">South Ural State Agrarian University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова Российской академии наук; Уральский государственный аграрный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems; Ural State Agrarian University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колесник Е.А., Дерхо М.А., Ребезов М.Б., Швецов Г.Г., Штакк Е.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колесник Е.А., Дерхо М.А., Ребезов М.Б., Швецов Г.Г., Штакк Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolesnik E.A., Derkho M.A., Rebezov M.B., Shvetsov G.G., Shtakk E.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3933">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/3933</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Представлены дифференциальные диагностические маркеры интактных полихроматофильных эритробластов, зрелых эритроцитов и теней эритробластов, теней эритроцитов в нормальной картине периферической крови на модельном организме животных — птиц (Aves).</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Морфофизиологическую характеристику эритробластов, эритроцитов и теней эритробластов, теней эритроцитов осуществляли по мазкам крови птиц Gallus gallus L. (n = 40, окрашенных по Паппенгейму) от четырех возрастных групп (Postembryonalis — Р1, Р7, Р23 и Р42: 1, 7, 23 и 42 дня постэмбрионального онтогенеза) промышленного стада. Идентификацию и цитофизиологический анализ теней профиля ядра, цитоплазмы, клетки и неидентифицированных теней клеток выполняли по калиброванным микрофотографиям высокого разрешения (n = 158).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В организме модельных животных — птиц — морфологические изменения эритробластов периферического кровотока в результате эриптоза имеют цитофизиологический характер, соответствующий статусу клинически здорового животного. Апоптотические изменения бластных и клеточных форм эритроидного звена в периферическом кровотоке птиц группируются в такие ядерно-цитоплазматические образования различной степени выраженности, как цитолиз, фрагментация цитоплазмы, кариопикноз, кариорексис, кариолизис, фрагментация хроматина, хроматинолиз, вакуолизация цитоплазмы. Итогом изучения явлений эриптоза в периферическом звене кровотока у птиц явились разработка и формулирование дифференциальных критериев — маркеров теней эритроидных клеток с клиническим, общебиологическим и дидактическим значением.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Differential diagnostic markers of intact polychromatophilic erythroblasts, mature erythrocytes and erythroblast ghosts, and erythrocyte ghosts in normal peripheral blood are presented in model organism of animals — birds (Aves).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Morphophysiological characterization of erythroblasts, erythrocytes and erythroblast shadows, and erythrocytes shadows was performed using blood smears of Gallus gallus L. birds (n = 40, stained with Pappenheim) from four age groups (Postembryonalis — P1, P7, P23, and P42: days 1, 7, 23, and 42 of postembryonic ontogenesis) of a industrial herd. Identification and cytophysiological analysis shadows profile nucleus, shadows profile cytoplasm, shadows profile cell, and unidentified cell shadows were performed using calibrated high-resolution micrographs (n = 158).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In a model organism of animals — birds — morphological changes in erythroblasts in the peripheral bloodstream as a result of eryptosis have a cytophysiological character consistent with the status of a clinically healthy animal. Apoptotic changes in blast and cellular forms of the erythroid component in the peripheral bloodstream of birds are grouped into nucleocytoplasmic formations of varying severity, including: cytolysis, cytoplasmic fragmentation, karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, chromatin fragmentation, chromatinolysis, and cytoplasmic vacuolization. The study of eryptosis in the peripheral bloodstream of birds resulted in the development and formulation of differential criteria – markers of erythroid cell shadows – with clinical, general biological and didactic significance.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тени клеток</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>эриптоз</kwd><kwd>полихроматофильные эритробласты</kwd><kwd>эритроциты</kwd><kwd>цитолиз</kwd><kwd>фрагментация цитоплазмы</kwd><kwd>кариопикноз</kwd><kwd>кариорексис</kwd><kwd>кариолизис</kwd><kwd>фрагментация хроматина</kwd><kwd>хроматинолиз</kwd><kwd>вакуолизация</kwd><kwd>морфология крови</kwd><kwd>цитофизиология</kwd><kwd>морфофизиология</kwd><kwd>адаптационный гомеостазис</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>shadow cells</kwd><kwd>smudge cells</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>eryptosis</kwd><kwd>polychromatophilic erythroblasts</kwd><kwd>erythrocytes</kwd><kwd>cytolysis</kwd><kwd>cytoplasm fragmentation</kwd><kwd>karyopyknosis</kwd><kwd>karyorrhexis</kwd><kwd>karyolysis</kwd><kwd>chromatin fragmentation</kwd><kwd>chromatinolysis</kwd><kwd>vacuolization</kwd><kwd>blood morphology</kwd><kwd>cytophysiology</kwd><kwd>morphophysiology</kwd><kwd>adaptive homeostasis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhattacherjee A. 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