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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2026-403-02-76-82</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-4010</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОНОМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение фенологических особенностей гибридов сахарного сорго на основе цитоплазмы А2 при возделывании в условиях Саратовской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the phenological characteristics of sugar sorghum hybrids based on A2 cytoplasm when cultivated in the Saratov region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1808-8974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кибальник</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kibalnik</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Павловна Кибальник, доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana Pavlovna Kibalnik, Doctor of Biolgical Sciences, Chief Researcher</p><p>4 1th Institute passage, Saratov, 410050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kibalnik79@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научно-исследовательский и  проектно-технологический институт сорго и кукурузы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research and Design-Technological Institute&#13;
of Sorghum and Corn</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кибальник О.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кибальник О.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kibalnik O.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4010">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4010</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Изучение фенологических особенностей новых сортов и гибридов сорго является важной частью селекционной работы, особенно в регионах северной зоны соргосеяния, где растения сахарного сорго произрастают в экстремальных условиях, характеризующихся в отдельные периоды вегетации недостатком суммы активных температур, количества световых часов, дефицитом осадков.</p><p>Цели исследований — оценить фенологические особенности гибридов сахарного сорго, полученных с использованием стерильной цитоплазмы А2 и выделить перспективные комбинации для дальнейшего испытания в засушливых условиях Саратовской области.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Семь гибридов, полученных на основе ЦМС-линий со стерильной цитоплазмой А2, выращивали в течение 2022–2024 гг. на опытном поле ФГБНУ РосНИИСК «Россорго» и оценивали в соответствии с общепринятыми рекомендациями, методикой.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что продолжительность межфазных периодов и вегетационного периода в целом гибридов F1 зависела как от складывающихся погодных условий в сезон выращивания растений, так и генотипических особенностей. Выявлены гибриды наиболее целесообразные для производства сочных кормов и сахаросодержащей продукции: с наименьшей амплитудой изменчивости продолжительности вегетационного периода за период испытания — А2 КВВ 114/к-10832 (116–118,7 сут.): разница составила 2,7 сут.; наиболее скороспелые — А2 Чайка/к-64 (101,0–111,3 сут.), А2 Чайка /к-581 (102,0–113,0 сут.). </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Studying the phenological characteristics of new sorghum varieties and hybrids is an important part of breeding work, especially in the northern sorghum-growing regionsw, where sugar sorghum plants grow in extreme conditions characterized by a lack of active temperature, light hours, and precipitation during certain periods of vegetation. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the phenological characteristics of sugar sorghum hybrids obtained using sterile A2 cytoplasm and identify promising combinations for further testing in arid conditions of the Saratov region.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Seven hybrids obtained on the basis of CMS lines with sterile A2 cytoplasm were grown during 2022–2024 at the experimental field of Institute “Rossorgo” and evaluated in accordance with generally accepted recommendations and methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that the duration of interphase periods and the growing season in general for F1 hybrids depended both on the prevailing weather conditions during the growing season and on the genotypic characteristics. The hybrids that are most suitable for the production of succulent fodder and sugar-containing products have been identified: A2 KVV 114/k-10832 (116–118.7 days) has the lowest variability in the duration of the growing season during the test period, with a difference of 2.7 days; the most precocious hybrids are A2 Chaika/k-64 (101.0–111.3 days) and A2 Chaika/k-581 (102.0–113.0 days). </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сорго</kwd><kwd>ЦМС-линия</kwd><kwd>коллекционный сортообразец</kwd><kwd>гибрид</kwd><kwd>вегетационный период</kwd><kwd>межфазный период</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sorghum</kwd><kwd>CMS line</kwd><kwd>collection variety</kwd><kwd>hybrid</kwd><kwd>vegetation period</kwd><kwd>interphase period</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках тематического плана ФГБНУ «Российский научно-исследовательский и проектнотехнологический институт сорго и кукурузы» согласно госзаданию № 1022051600013-1 и 124020300044-6 Министерства сельского хозяйства Российской Федерации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the thematic plan of the Federal State Budgetary Budgetary Institution “Russian Scientific Research and Design Technological Institute of Sorghum and Corn” according to the state assignment No. 1022051600013-1 and 124020300044-6 of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xue X. et al. 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