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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2026-405-04-94-101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-4120</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОНОМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование влияния предпосевной обработки семян пшеницы наночастицами диоксида марганца на солевой стресс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the effect of pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds with manganese dioxide nanoparticles on salt stress</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2809-4945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рехман</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rekhman</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зафар Абдулович Рехман, преподаватель департамента функциональных материалов и инженерного конструирования</p><p>ул. им. Пушкина, 1, Ставрополь, 355002</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zafar Abdulovich Rekhman, Lecturer at the Department of Functional Materials and Engineering Design</p><p>1 Pushkin st., Stavropol, 355002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zafrehman1027@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4701-8633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блинов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blinov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Владимирович Блинов, кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент департамента функциональных материалов и инженерного конструирования</p><p>ул. им. Пушкина, 1, Ставрополь, 355002</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Vladimirovich Blinov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, assistant professor, Associate Professor, Department of Functional Materials and Engineering Design</p><p>1 Pushkin st., Stavropol, 355002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">blinov.a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6782-2821</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагдалян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagdalyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Ашотович Нагдалян, кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории пищевой и промышленной биотехнологии факультета пищевой инжеерии и биотехнологий имени акдемика А.Г. Храмцова</p><p>ул. им. Пушкина, 1, Ставрополь, 355002</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Ashotovich Nagdalyan, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Research Laboratory of Food and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Engineering and Biotechnology named after Academician A.G. Khramtsov</p><p>1 Pushkin st., Stavropol, 355002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">geniando@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9852-3055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аскерова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Askerova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алина Салмановна Аскерова, лаборант Департамента функциональных материалов и инженерного конструирования</p><p>ул. им. Пушкина, 1, Ставрополь, 355002</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina Salmanovna Askerova, Laboratory assistant at the Department of Functional Materials and Engineering Design</p><p>1 Pushkin st., Stavropol, 355002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vikalinka04@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0663-6305</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голик</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golik</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Борисович Голик,лаборант Департамента функциональных материалов и инженерного конструирования</p><p>ул. им. Пушкина, 1, Ставрополь, 355002</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy Borisovich Golik, Laboratory assistant at the Department of Functional Materials and Engineering Design</p><p>1 Pushkin st., Stavropol, 355002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goldy_m@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-5143</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ребезов</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rebezov</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Борисович Ребезов, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник; доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, профессор кафедры биотехнологии и пищевых продуктов</p><p>ул. им. Талалихина, 26, Москва, 109316</p><p>ул. им. Карла Либкнехта, 42, Екатеринбург, 620075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim Borisovich Rebezov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Biotechnology and Food Products</p><p>26 Talalikhin st., Moscow, 109316</p><p>42 Karl Liebknecht st., Yekaterinburg, 620075</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rebezov@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasus Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем  &#13;
им. В.М. Горбатова Российской академии наук; Уральский государственный аграрный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gorbatov Research Center for Food Systems; Ural State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рехман З.А., Блинов А.В., Нагдалян А.А., Аскерова А.С., Голик Д.Б., Ребезов М.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рехман З.А., Блинов А.В., Нагдалян А.А., Аскерова А.С., Голик Д.Б., Ребезов М.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rekhman Z.A., Blinov A.V., Nagdalyan A.A., Askerova A.S., Golik D.B., Rebezov M.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4120">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4120</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Засоление почв — глобальный стрессор, ограничивающий продуктивность пшеницы. Марганец участвует в фотосинтезе и антиоксидантной защите, однако эффективность его наноформ для повышения солеустойчивости изучена недостаточно. Целью работы являлась оценка влияния предпосевной обработки семян наночастицами MnO₂ на проростки пшеницы в условиях солевого стресса.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Наночастицы MnO₂ синтезированы с использованием алкилдиметиламиноксида в качестве стабилизатора. Фазовый состав оценивали с помощью рентгенофазового анализа. Энергетику взаимодействия оценивали квантово-химическим моделированием (B3LYP/6-31G*). Семена пшеницы обрабатывали суспензией MnO₂ (1 мг/л) и проращивали при 0,5–5,0% NaCl. Определяли морфометрические показатели и содержание фотосинтетических пигментов (спектрофотометрия). Данные обработаны двух факторным ANOVA (p &lt; 0,05). </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Рентгенофазовый анализ показал наличие аморфной фазы диоксида марганца с гексогональной решеткой. Моделирование подтвердило энергетическую выгодность связывания MnO₂ с N-оксидной группой стабилизатора (ΔE = 1299 ккал/моль). В контроле повышение NaCl до 1,0% снижало сумму пигмен тов с 0,087 до 0,032 мг/г, а 2,5% NaCl вызывало гибель проростков. Обработка MnO₂ обеспечила выживание при 2,5% NaCl (сумма пигментов 0,074 мг/г), что лишь незначительно уступает контролю при 0,5% NaCl. При 1,0% NaCl содержание пигментов в опытных образцах (0,078 мг/г) было сопоставимо с контролем при 0,5% NaCl, что свидетельствует о полном нивелировании стресса. Увеличение доли каротиноидов указывает на активацию антиоксидантной защиты. Наночастицы MnO₂ эффективно защищают фотосинтетический аппарат пшеницы при солевом стрессе, что открывает перспективы создания новых форм удобрений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Soil salinity is a global stressor limiting wheat productivity. Manganese participates in photosynthesis and antioxidant defense, but the efficacy of its nanoforms for improving salt tolerance remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with MnO₂ nanoparticles on wheat seedlings under salt stress.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. MnO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized using alkyl dimethyl amine oxide as a stabilizer. Phase composition was assessed using X-ray diffraction analysis. The energetics of interactions were estimated using quantum chemical modeling (B3LYP/6-31G*). Wheat seeds were treated with a MnO₂ suspension (1 mg/L) and germinated at 0.5–5.0% NaCl. Morphometric parameters and photosynthetic pigment content were determined (spectrophotometry). Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA (p &lt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of an amorphous manganese dioxide phase with a hexagonal lattice. Modeling confirmed the energetic favorability of MnO₂ binding to the N-oxide group of the stabilizer (ΔE = 1299 kcal/mol). In the control, increasing NaCl to 1.0% reduced the total pigment content from 0.087 to 0.032 mg/g, while 2.5% NaCl caused seedling mortality. MnO₂ treatment ensured survival at 2.5% NaCl (total pigment content 0.074 mg/g), which is only slightly inferior to the control at 0.5% NaCl. At 1.0% NaCl, the pigment content in the test samples (0.078 mg/g) was comparable to the control at 0.5% NaCl, indicating complete stress relief. An increase in the proportion of carotenoids indicates activation of antioxidant defenses. MnO₂ nanoparticles effectively protect the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat under salt stress, opening up prospects for the development of new forms of fertilizer.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>солевой стресс</kwd><kwd>фотосинтетические пигменты</kwd><kwd>антиоксидантная защита</kwd><kwd>марганец</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>salt stress</kwd><kwd>photosynthetic pigments</kwd><kwd>antioxidant protection</kwd><kwd>manganese</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного  фонда № 23-76-10046,  https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-76-10046/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Салех С., Мурыгина Е.А., Боме Н.А. 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