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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2026-407-06-79-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-4215</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование динамики экспрессии генов антиоксидантных ферментов в тканях мозга и сердца крыс после воздействия острой нормобарической гипоксии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the dynamics of gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in the brain and heart tissues of rats after exposure to acute normobaric hypoxia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова-Горбачева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova-Gorbacheva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Валерьевна Макарова-Горбачева, старший преподаватель</p><p>ул. им. Чкалова, д. 100, г. Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Valerievna Makarova-Gorbacheva, senior lecturer</p><p>100 Chkalova st., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fedotova.nat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-1958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Николаевна Павлова, доктор биологических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой физиологии</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Nikolayevna Pavlova, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor Head of the Department of Physiology</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya st., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">casiopeya13@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-7095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуленко</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulenko</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Николаевна Гуленко, кандидат биологических наук, доцент </p><p>ул. Чапаевская, 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Nikolayevna Gulenko, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor </p><p>89 Chapaevskaya st., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gulenko_ol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-3075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукенюк</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukenyuk</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Викторовна Лукенюк, кандидат технических наук, доцент</p><p>ул. Свободы, 2 В, Самара, 443066</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Viktorovna Lukenyuk, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor</p><p>2 V Svobody st. Samara, 443066</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.lukenuk@samgups.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1005-1472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балиев</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baliev</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайрат Баходирович Балиев, студент </p><p>ул. Чапаевская, 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gayrat Bakhodirovich Baliev, student</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya st., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gayratov.g@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8708-1660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сысоева</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sysoeva</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Дмитриевна Сысоева, студент</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia Dmitrievna Sysoeva, student</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya st., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vika.beretta@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4165-1420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зурначян</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zurnachyan</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ани Барсамовна Зурначян, студент</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ani Barsamovna Zurnachyan, student </p><p>89 Chapaevskaya st., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zurnachyana@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1925-5601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Светкина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svetkina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Сергеевна Светкина, студент</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia Sergeevna Svetkina, student</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya st., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">SvetkinaAn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Частное учреждение образовательная организация высшего образования «Медицинский университет “Реавиз”»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Private educational institution of higher education «Medical University «REAVIZ»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приволжский государственный университет путей сообщения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volga Region State University of Railway Transport</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макарова-Горбачева Е.В., Павлова О.Н., Гуленко О.Н., Лукенюк Е.В., Балиев Г.Б., Сысоева А.Д., Зурначян А.Б., Светкина А.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макарова-Горбачева Е.В., Павлова О.Н., Гуленко О.Н., Лукенюк Е.В., Балиев Г.Б., Сысоева А.Д., Зурначян А.Б., Светкина А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarova-Gorbacheva E.V., Pavlova O.N., Gulenko O.N., Lukenyuk E.V., Baliev G.B., Sysoeva A.D., Zurnachyan A.B., Svetkina A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4215">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4215</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Перинатальная гипоксия — состояние, характеризующееся дефицитом кислорода в организме плода или новорожденного. Актуальность проблемы пренатальной гипоксии и ее долгосрочных эффектов связана с механизмами возникновения множества патологических состояний, в которых важную роль играет окислительный стресс. Цель — изучить динамику экспрессии м-РНК генов антиоксидантных ферментов в тканях мозга и сердца крыс после воздействия острой нормобарической гипоксии для выявления общих патофизиологических механизмов повреждения органов при неонатальной гипоксии, актуальных для ветеринарной неонатологии и сравнительной па тологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Работа проводилась на крысах обоего пола линии Wistar (20 половозрелых самок и 10 половозрелых самцов, которые поровну по принципу рандомизации были разделены на 2 группы и от них было получено потомство). 1 группа — контроль, а животным 2 группы моделировали состояние недоношенной беременности человека: воздействие острой нормобарической гипоксии на крысят на вторые постнатальные сутки и впоследствии оценивали экспрессию мРНК генов Sod1, Cat, GPX1 и GSR в тканях мозга и сердца методом ПЦР-РВ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено увеличение экспрессии мРНК генов Sod1, Cat и GSR в тканях мозга и сердца самцов и самок крыс сразу после воздействия ОНГ, а затем, через 1 сутки, 7 и 14 суток после воздействия ОНГ установлено снижение экспрессии генов, а в отношении мРНК гена GPX1 наблюдалась обратная динамика. Такая динамика отражает смену острой реакции на гипоксию (стадия тревоги) фазой долговременной адаптации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Perinatal hypoxia is a condition characterized by oxygen deficiency in the body of the fetus or newborn. The relevance of prenatal hypoxia and its long-term effects is associated with the mechanisms underlying numerous pathological conditions in which oxidative stress plays a significant role. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of mRNA expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in rat brain and heart tissue after exposure to acute normobaric hypoxia to identify common pathophysiological mechanisms of organ damage during neonatal hypoxia, which are relevant for veterinary neonatology and comparative pathology.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The study was conducted on Wistar rats of both sexes (20 mature females and 10 mature males, which were equally divided into two groups by randomization, and from which offspring were obtained). Group 1 was a control group, while animals in Group 2 simulated the state of human preterm pregnancy: rat pups were exposed to acute normobaric hypoxia on the second postnatal day.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Subsequently, the expression of Sod1, Cat, GPX1, and GSR mRNA in brain and heart tissue was assessed using real-time PCR. An increase in Sod1, Cat, and GSR mRNA expression was observed in the brain and heart tissue of male and female rats immediately after exposure to ANH. Subsequently, a decrease in gene expression was observed 1, 7, and 14 days after exposure to ANH, while the opposite trend was observed for GPX1 mRNA. This trend reflects the transition from the acute response to hypoxia (the alarm stage) to a long-term adaptation phase.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>мозг</kwd><kwd>сердце</kwd><kwd>Sod1</kwd><kwd>Cat</kwd><kwd>GPX1</kwd><kwd>GSR</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>heart</kwd><kwd>Sod1</kwd><kwd>Cat</kwd><kwd>GPX1</kwd><kwd>GSR</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абдулаева Л.М. Влияние хронической гипоксии на формирование перинатальных поражений ЦНС у детей различного гестационного возраста. Актуальные проблемы педиатрии и детской хирургии. Материалы V научнопрактической конференции с международным участием. Махачкала: ДГМУ. 2019; 73–74.EDN VZFRFK</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abdulayeva L.M. 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