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10.32634/0869-8155-2026-409-08-84-94

vetpress-4286

Research Article

ЗООТЕХНИЯ

ZOOTECHNICS

Характеристика генетической резистентности к вирусу висна-маеди у пород овец, разводимых в России

Characteristics of genetic resistance to Maedi-Visna in sheep breeds raised in Russia

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1928-6569

Яковлева

О. С.

Yakovleva

O. S.

Яковлева Ольга Сергеевна, аспирант

пос. Дубровицы, дом 60, г.о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Olga Sergeevna Yakovleva, postgraduate student

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

olya111011@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5809-1262

Денискова

Т. Е.

Deniskova

T. E.

Татьяна Евгеньевна Денискова, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

пос. Дубровицы, дом 60, г.о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Tatiana Evgenievna Deniskova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

horarka@yandex.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4830-6626

Кошкина

О. А.

Koshkina

O. A.

Ольга Андреевна Кошкина, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник

пос. Дубровицы, дом 60, г.о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Olga Andreevna Koshkina, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

olechka1808@list.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3418-2511

Доцев

А. В.

Dotsev

A. V.

Арсен Владимирович Доцев, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

пос. Дубровицы, дом 60, г.о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Arsen Vladimirovich Dotsev, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

arsendotsev@vij.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2628-9554

Соловьева

А. Д.

Solovieva

A. D.

Анастасия Дмитриевна Соловьева, ведущий специалист

пос. Дубровицы, дом 60, г.о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Anastasiya Dmitrievna Solovieva, leading specialist

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

anastastasiya93@mail.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-6863

Зиновьева

Н. А.

Zinovieva

N. A.

Наталия Анатольевна Зиновьева, доктор биологических наук, профессор, академик Российской академии наук

пос. Дубровицы, дом 60, г.о. Подольск, Московская обл., 142132

Natalia Anatolievna Zinovieva, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

n_zinovieva@mail.ru

Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. ЭрнстаРоссияL.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, DubrovitsyRussian Federation

2026

14082026

188494

2026

Яковлева О.С., Денискова Т.Е., Кошкина О.А., Доцев А.В., Соловьева А.Д., Зиновьева Н.А.

Yakovleva O.S., Deniskova T.E., Koshkina O.A., Dotsev A.V., Solovieva A.D., Zinovieva N.A.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4286

Актуальность

Актуальность. Лентивирусы мелких жвачных животных (SRLV), в том числе вирус Висна-Маеди (VMV) овец, — заболевания, вызывающие хронические прогрессирующие воспалительные процессы, поражающие нервную систему, легкие, молочную железу, суставы. Вирус характеризуется генетической вариабельностью, поэтому действенной экономически-рентабельной терапии и вакцинации от этой болезни не существует. В исследованиях зарубежных авторов, посвященных данной проблеме, были установлены межпородные различия в резистентности к данному вирусу. Для российских пород овец таких сведений практически нет. Самым достоверным маркером генетической устойчивости к VMV является ген овечьего трансмембранного белка 154 (TMEM154).

Цель исследования — провести сравнительную характеристику параметров аллельного разнообразия российских пород овец по SNP гена TMEM154, ассоциированного с генетической устойчивостью к VMV.

Методы

Методы. Материалом для исследования послужили образцы биоматериала (ткани) овец, содержащихся в ПЗ «Ладожский» и из биоресурсной коллекции «Банк генетического материала домашних и диких видов животных и птицы». Генотипы овец, ассоциированные с устойчивостью к VMV, определяли при помощи амплификации фрагмента SNP OAR17_5388531 гена TMEM154 методом ПЦР в реальном времени. Результаты. Анализ полиморфизма гена TMEM154 показал наличие в изучаемых выборках двух аллелей — C и Т и трех генотипов — ТТ, СТ и СС. Были получены данным о распределении генотипов, ассоциированных с устойчивостью к VMV для популяций 18 российских пород овец.

Relevance

Relevance. Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLVs), including the Visna-Maedi Virus (VMV) in sheep, induce chronic progressive inflammation primarily targeting the nervous system, lungs, mammary glands, and joints. These viruses exhibit significant genetic variability, leading to a lack of effective therapies or vaccines at an affordable cost. Foreign research has identified breed-specific variations in genetic resistance to these pathogens, but such comparative data remain largely unexplored for Russian sheep breeds. A reliable DNA marker of genetic resistance to VMV infection is the ovine transmembrane protein 154 (TMEM154) gene. This study aimed to evaluate the allelic diversity among different Russian sheep breeds through targeted SNP within the TMEM154 gene linked to genetic resistance.

Methods

Methods. The study utilized biological samples (tissues) of sheep maintained at the Ladozhsky PZ and from the biobank repository titled “Genetic Materials Bank of Domestic and Wild Animals.” To identify specific mutations correlated with resistance to VMV, fragments encompassing the target SNP (OAR17_5388531) within the TMEM154 gene were amplified via RT-PCR.

Results

Results. Analysis of TMEM154 polymorphisms uncovered two distinct alleles (C and T) along with their corresponding genotypes: TT, CT, and CC. Genotype distributions associated with resistance to the Visna-Maedi virus across eighteen diverse Russian sheep breeds have been documented.

домашние овцылокальные породыген трансмембранного протеина 154 (TMEM154)генотипгенетическая резистентностьвирус Висна-Маедилентивирусная инфекция

Russian sheep breedstransmembrane protein 154 gene (TMEM154)genotypegenetic resistanceVisna-Maedilentivirus infection

Исследование выполнено за счет средств Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (FGGN-2024-0015).

The work was carried out by order of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (FGGN-2024-0015).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.