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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2026-409-08-105-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-4288</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOTECHNICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярно-генетическая экспертиза марала (Сervus elaphus): разработка мультилокусной STR-панели для установления достоверности происхождения и генетической идентификации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular genetic examination of maral (Сervus elaphus): development of a multilocus STR panel to establish the reliability of origin and genetic identification</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4054-120X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыб</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsyb</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антон Михайлович Цыб, аспирант</p><p>п. Дубровицы, д. 60, г.о. Подольск Московской обл., 142132</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton Mikhailovich Tsyb, Graduate Student</p><p>60 Dubrovitsy settlement, Podolsk, Moscow region, 142132</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">senior.tsyb@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8067-0404</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харзинова</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharzinova</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вероника Руслановна Харзинова, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>п. Дубровицы, д. 60, г.о. Подольск Московской обл., 142132</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika Ruslanovna Kharzinova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>60 Dubrovitsy settlement, Podolsk, Moscow region, 142132</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">veronika0784@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0324-3580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакоев</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakoev</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Некруз Фарходович Бакоев, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>п. Дубровицы, д. 60, г.о. Подольск Московской обл., 142132</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nekruz Farkhodovich Bakoev, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Researcher</p><p>60 Dubrovitsy settlement, Podolsk, Moscow region, 142132</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nekruz82@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цыб А.М., Харзинова В.Р., Бакоев Н.Ф., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цыб А.М., Харзинова В.Р., Бакоев Н.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsyb A.M., Kharzinova V.R., Bakoev N.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4288">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4288</self-uri><abstract><p>Марал (Cervus elaphus, Linnaeus, 1758) — ценный подвид благородного оленя, являющийся источником уникального пантового сырья для биомедицинской промышленности. Разведение маралов в полувольных условиях затрудняет ведение точного зоотехнического учета и контроль родственных связей, а угроза нелегальной охоты требует надежных методов идентификации, что делает актуальной разработку тест-системы для генетической паспортизации и подтверждения достоверности происхождения животных. Целью исследования являлась разработка мультилокусной тест-системы на основе микросателлитных маркеров для молекулярно-генетической экспертизы маралов. Четкая идентификация всех 14 локусов на электрофореграммах свидетельствует о корректной работе мультиплексных ПЦР (полимеразная цепная реакция). Суммарно было детектировано 101 аллель. Наиболее полиморфными маркерами, пригодными для идентификации, признаны локусы Haut14 (13 аллелей), TGLA53 (13 аллелей) и T26 (12 аллелей). Ключевым показателем эффективности системы стала вероятность случайного совпадения генотипов двух индивидуумов (PI), составившая 3,32 × 10⁻¹⁵, что практически исключает ошибку в идентификации. Совокупный дискриминирующий потенциал (CPD) составил 99,9999999999996%. Точность подтверждения происхождения по обоим родителям (P1X) и точность исключения обоих родителей (P3X) достигли 99,99%. Разработанная мультиплексная STR-панель из 14 локусов обладает исключительной дискриминирующей способностью. Полученные результаты позволяют рекомендовать данную тест-систему к внедрению в различных областях, включая селекционно-племенную работу в мараловодстве, проведение судебных экспертиз по фактам браконьерства, мониторинг популяций в системе охраны природы, а также изучение таксономии и генетической структуры благородного оленя.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The maral (Cervus elaphus, Linnaeus, 1758) is a valuable subspecies of red deer, providing a unique source of antler material for the biomedical industry. Breeding marals in semi-captivity complicates accurate zootechnical records and family tree monitoring, and the threat of illegal hunting requires reliable identification methods, making the development of a test system for genetic certification and confirmation of the animals’ provenance crucial. The aim of the study was to develop a multi-locus test system based on microsatellite markers for molecular genetic testing of marals. Clear identification of all 14 loci in electropherograms indicates the correct operation of multiplex PCR (polymerase chain reaction). In total, we detected 101 alleles. The most polymorphic markers suitable for identification were recognized as the Haut14 (13 alleles), TGLA53 (13 alleles), and T26 (12 alleles) loci. The key performance indicator of the system was the probability of a random match of the genotypes of two individuals (PI), which amounted to 3.32×10⁻¹⁵, virtually eliminating identification error. The combined discriminatory potential (CPD) was 99.9999999999996%. The accuracy of confirming parentage for both parents (P1X) and the accuracy of excluding both parents (P3X) reached 99.99%. The developed multiplex STR panel of 14 loci possesses exceptional discriminatory power. The obtained results allow us to recommend this test system for implementation in various fields, including selection and breeding work in maral breeding, forensic examinations of poaching cases, population monitoring in nature conservation systems, and the study of the taxonomy and genetic structure of red deer.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Cervus elaphus</kwd><kwd>марал</kwd><kwd>STR-панель</kwd><kwd>микросателлиты</kwd><kwd>достоверность происхождения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cervus elaphus</kwd><kwd>maral</kwd><kwd>STR multiplexes</kwd><kwd>microsatellites</kwd><kwd>provenance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ в рамках темы Государственного задания № FGGN-2024-0018</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of the State Assignment No. FGGN-2024-0018</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Golosova O.S. et al. 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