vetpressАграрная наукаAgrarian science0869-81552686-701XРедакция журнала "Аграрная наука"10.32634/0869-8155-2026-411-10-32-38vetpress-4361Research ArticleВЕТЕРИНАРИЯVETERINARY MEDICINEЛипидные и стероидные профили крови у коров и телок голштинской породы при разном выходе эмбрионов после полиовуляторной стимуляцииLipid and steroid blood profiles in Holstein cows and heifers at different embryo yields after polyovulatory stimulationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-0492АлейниковаО. В.AleynikovaO. V.

Ольга Викторовна Алейникова, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник

пос. Дубровицы, д. 60, Подольск, Московская обл.,142132

Olga Victorovna Aleynikova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

68ovk@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-6476-3757ЕрмиловаА. П.YermilovaA. P.

Анна Петровна Ермилова, аспирант

пос. Дубровицы, д. 60, Подольск, Московская обл.,142132

Anna Petrovna Yermilova, postgraduate student

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

anya0884@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0401-5088МитяшоваО. С.MityashovaO. S.

Ольга Сергеевна Митяшова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник 

пос. Дубровицы, д. 60, Подольск, Московская обл.,142132

Olga Sergeevna Mityashova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

mityashova_o@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7815-7900ЛебедеваИ. Ю.LebedevaI. Yu.

Ирина Юрьевна Лебедева, доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник

пос. Дубровицы, д. 60, Подольск, Московская обл.,142132

Irina Yuryevna Lebedeva, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Chief Researcher

60 Dubrovitsy, Podolsk Municipal District, Moscow Region, 142132

irledv@mail.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. ЭрнстаРоссияL.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal HusbandryRussian Federation2026181020261103238Copyright © Алейникова О.В., Ермилова А.П., Митяшова О.С., Лебедева И.Ю., 20262026Алейникова О.В., Ермилова А.П., Митяшова О.С., Лебедева И.Ю.Aleynikova O.V., Yermilova A.P., Mityashova O.S., Lebedeva I.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4361

Актуальность. Изменчивость метаболического и гормонального статуса коров до и во время ранней стельности модулирует микросреду репродуктивных органов, что может влиять на жизнеспособность ооцитов и развивающихся эмбрионов при стимуляции одиночной или множественной овуляции.Методы. Для изучения липидных и стероидных профилей крови в связи с выходом получаемых in vivo (IVD) эмбрионов были проанализированы 43 цикла стимуляции полиовуляции у 33 телок и 44 цикла у 26 коров. Взятие крови для анализа содержания гормонов и липидов проводили в 1-й день искусственного осеменения (ИО) и через 7 дней. Согласно морфологической оценке IVD эмбрионов все циклы были разделены на 3 типа: I — >5 пригодных для трансплантации морул и бластоцист (М+БЛ); II — 2–5 М+БЛ и III — 0–1 М+БЛ. Результаты. У коров в циклах I типа на 7-й день после ИО содержание общего холестерина в крови было в 1,2 раза ниже, чем в циклах III типа, а концентрация прогестерона превышала таковую в циклах II и III типа (в 1,8 и 5,4 раза, соответственно). У телок в циклах I типа через неделю после ИО уровень прогестерона был в 2,1–2,2 раза выше, чем в циклах II и III типа, однако концентрация холестерина не различалась и была в 2,3–2,4 раза ниже, чем у коров. Таким образом, содержание холестерина более 6,7 ммоль/л в крови коров через неделю после осеменения могло негативно сказаться на качестве IVD эмбрионов. 

Relevance. Variability in the metabolic and hormonal status of cows before and during early pregnancy modulates the microenvironment of the reproductive organs, which may affect the viability of oocytes and developing embryos when stimulating single or multiple ovulation.Methods. To study blood lipid and steroid profiles in relation to the yield of in vivo derived (IVD) embryos, 43 polyovulation stimulation cycles in 33 heifers and 44 cycles in 26 cows were analyzed. Blood collection for analysis of the hormone and lipid content was performed on the 1st day of artificial insemination (AI) and 7 days later. According to the morphological assessment of IVD embryos, all cycles were divided into 3 types: I — > 5 suitable for transplantation morulae and blastocysts (M+BL); II — 2–5 M+BL and III — 0–1 M+BL.Results. In cows, in type I cycles, on the 7th day after AI, the total cholesterol content in the blood was 1.2 times lower than in type III cycles, and the progesterone concentration exceeded that in type II and III cycles (1.8 and 5.4 times, respectively). In heifers, in type I cycles, one week after AI, the progesterone level was 2.1–2.2 times higher than in type II and III cycles, but the cholesterol concentration did not differ and was 2.3–2.4 times lower than in cows.  Thus, cholesterol levels exceeding 6.7 mmol/L in the blood of cows one week after insemination could negatively affect the quality of IVD embryos. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.