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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2026-411-10-159-166</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-4375</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ И ОТРАСЛЕВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Волатильность производственной базы и фискальная позиция аграрных регионов России: многомерная типология субъектов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Volatility of the production base and fiscal position of Russia’s agrarian regions: a multidimensional typology of federal subjects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5698-9979</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрушевский</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrushevsky</surname><given-names>Yu. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Люциянович Петрушевский, доктор экономических наук, профессор,  заведующий кафедрой учёта и аудита</p><p>ул. Челюскинцев, д. 163а, Донецк, 283015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri Lyutsianovich Petrushevsky, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Accounting and Auditing</p><p>163a Chelyuskintsev st., Donetsk, 283015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrushevskiy-yl@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1903-3267</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксёнова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksenova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Аксёнова, кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры финансов</p><p>ул. Челюскинцев, д. 163а, Донецк, 283015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Alexandrovna Aksenova, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Finance</p><p>163a Chelyuskintsev st., Donetsk, 283015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aksenova-ea@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донецкий институт управления — филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Donetsk Institute of Management — branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>159</fpage><lpage>166</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петрушевский Ю.Л., Аксёнова Е.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петрушевский Ю.Л., Аксёнова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrushevsky Y.L., Aksenova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4375">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/4375</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Регионы с аграрной специализацией формируют доходы бюджета в условиях, когда валовой сбор зерна в стране меняется от года к году на десятки миллионов тонн, а большинство ведущих производителей сельскохозяйственной продукции получает дотации на выравнивание бюджетной обеспеченности. Цель работы состояла в том, чтобы оценить бюджетные риски аграрных регионов, порождаемые межгодовой изменчивостью валового сбора зерна и несовпадением размещения производства, экспорта и дотационной позиции субъектов, и обосновать дифференциацию инструментов бюджетной и аграрной политики по типам регионов. Методы. По данным Росстата о валовых сборах зерновых и зернобобовых культур за 2020–2025 годы рассчитаны коэффициент вариации, линейный тренд и вероятность неурожайного года. Концентрация производства и экспорта продукции АПК измерена долей десяти ведущих субъектов. Группировка регионов выполнена по перечню Минфина России и рейтингу ФГБУ «Агроэкспорт». Результаты. Статистически значимого тренда валового сбора не выявлено (p = 0,765), коэффициент вариации составил 9,7%, вероятность сбора ниже 130 млн т равна 0,288. На десять ведущих субъектов приходится 67,9% экспорта и 38,9% производства. Из десяти крупнейших производителей дотации в 2025 году не получают только Белгородская область и Республика Татарстан. Показано, что бюджетный риск аграрного региона реализуется через расходные обязательства, а не через налоговые доходы, поэтому инструменты политики дифференцированы по четырем выделенным типам регионов. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Regions specialising in agriculture form their budget revenues while the national gross grain harvest changes from year to year by tens of millions of tonnes, and most leading agricultural producers receive federal equalisation grants. The aim of the study was to assess the budgetary risks of agrarian regions arising from the year-to-year variability of the gross grain harvest and from the mismatch between the location of production, exports and the grant position of the regions, and to substantiate the differentiation of budgetary and agricultural policy instruments by type of region. Methods. The coefficient of variation, the linear trend and the probability of a poor harvest were calculated from Rosstat data on gross harvests of grain and leguminous crops  for 2020–2025. The concentration of production and of agri-food exports was measured by the share of the ten leading regions. The regions were grouped using the list of the Ministry  of Finance of Russia and the rating of the Agroexport Federal Centre. Results. No statistically significant trend in the gross harvest was found (p = 0.765); the coefficient of variation was 9.7%, and the probability of a harvest below 130 million tonnes was 0.288. The ten leading regions account for 67.9% of exports and 38.9% of production. Of the ten largest producers, only Belgorod Oblast and the Republic of Tatarstan receive no equalisation grant in 2025. It is shown that the budgetary risk of an agrarian region is realised through expenditure obligations rather than through tax revenues, and therefore policy instruments are differentiated across the four identified types of regions. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>финансовый потенциал</kwd><kwd>аграрный регион</kwd><kwd>волатильность производственной базы</kwd><kwd>валовой сбор зерна</kwd><kwd>дотации на выравнивание</kwd><kwd>концентрация экспорта</kwd><kwd>типология регионов</kwd><kwd>фискальный риск</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>financial potential</kwd><kwd>agrarian region</kwd><kwd>volatility of the production base</kwd><kwd>gross grain harvest</kwd><kwd>equalisation grants</kwd><kwd>export concentration</kwd><kwd>regional typology</kwd><kwd>fiscal risk</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа подготовлена в рамках государственного задания РАНХиГС FRRM-2026-0007 «Институциональные механизмы управления долгосрочной устойчивостью финансовой системы России: многоуровневые риски и обеспечение межрегионального баланса»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was prepared within the framework of the RANEPA state assignment FRRM-2026-0007, "Institutional mechanisms for managing the long-term stability of Russia’s financial system: multilevel risks and ensuring interregional balance."</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баутин В.М., Голубев А.В. 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