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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpress</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agrarian science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-8155</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-701X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала "Аграрная наука"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32634/0869-8155-2019-326-1-137-141</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpress-726</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CROP PROTECTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вирулентность популяций Puccinia triticina Erikss. в Нечерноземной полосе России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Virulence of puccinia triticina erikss. Population in non-chernozem area of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жемчужина</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhemchuzhina</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zhemchuzhina@vniif.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kiseleva@vniif.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жемчужина</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhemchuzhina</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zhemchuzhina@vniif.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белякова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyakova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт фитопатологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>141</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жемчужина А.И., Киселева М.И., Жемчужина Н.С., Белякова С.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жемчужина А.И., Киселева М.И., Жемчужина Н.С., Белякова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhemchuzhina A.I., Kiseleva M.I., Zhemchuzhina N.S., Belyakova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/726">https://www.vetpress.ru/jour/article/view/726</self-uri><abstract><p>В результате обследований посевов пшеницы в Московской области в 2009-2017 годах были собраны 27 образцов пшеницы, зараженных возбудителем бурой ржавчины. Монопустульные изоляты выделяли из образцов по стандартной методике. Для изучения состава популяции бурой ржавчины по признаку вирулентности использовался стандартный набор моногенных линий сорта Thatcher, включающий 42 Lr-линии. За период с 2009 по 2017 годы изучены по вирулентности 120 изолятов P. triticina и отнесены к 103 фенотипам, отличающимся одним-двумя или несколькими генами. Во все годы испытаний популяция P. triticina проявляла высокую вирулентность, поражая от 30 до 34 Lr-линий пшеницы. Ежегодно в популяции P. triticina с высокой частотой (78,0-98,9%) отмечены 18 генов вирулентности: p1, p2c, p3a, p3b, p3ka, p10, p14a, p14b, p17, p18, p21, p27+p31, p30, p32, p33, p39, p40, pB, и ни разу не встречались 7 генов: p24, p29, p41, p42, p47, p51, p53. Гены p2a, p2b, p11, p15, p20, p23, p25, p26, p46 в популяции гриба выявляли постоянно, однако частота встречаемости их сильно варьировала по годам (от 34,5 до 72,0%). Что касается генов p9, p16, p19, p28, p36, p38, p44, р45, то их находили в популяции P. triticina не каждый год и с низкой частотой. В зависимости от устойчивости изогенной Lr-линии пшеницы реакция на внедрение изолятов гриба менялась от высоко-восприимчивой до иммунной. По количеству вирулентных изолятов гриба к Lr-линиям набора пшеницы судили о степени эффективности генов устойчивости. Эффективными к бурой ржавчине оказались Lr-гены: Lr24, Lr29, Lr41, Lr42, Lr47, Lr51, Lr53, с иммунной или высокоустойчивой реакцией ко всем проверенным изолятам бурой ржавчины. Гены этих линий пшеницы могут быть рекомендованы в качестве доноров устойчивости к возбудителю бурой ржавчины.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As a result of surveys of wheat crops in the Moscow region in 2009-2017 there were collected 27 wheat samples leaf rust infected. Isolates from single pustule were studied by the standard method. To study the frame of leaf rust population there was used a set of 42 Lr-lines monogenic of cv. Thatcher. For the period from 2009 to 2017 there were studied for virulence 120 isolates of P. triticina. Isolates differed significantly in virulence. By virulence formulas all leaf rust isolates were attributed to 103 phenotypes, differing by one or two or several genes. During all the years of testing the population of P. triticina was showed high virulence affecting from 30 to 34 Lr-lines of wheat. Annually in the population of P. triticina there were found out 18 virulence genes with a high frequency (average 78.0-98.9%): p1, p2c, p3a, p3b, p3ka, p10, p14a, p14b, p17, p18, p21, p27 + p31, p30, p32, p33, p39, p40, pB, and 7 genes were never met: p24, p29, p41, p42, p47, p51, p53. The genes p2a, p2b, p11, p15, p20, p23, p25, p26, p46 were constantly detected in the fungus population, but their frequency varied greatly over the years (on average, from 34.5 to 72.0%). As for the genes p9, p16, p19, p28, p36, p38, p44, p45, they there were not found every year in the population of P. triticina. Depending on the stability of the isogenic Lr-line of wheat, the type reactions to disease development were differed: from high susceptibility to immunity. By the number of virulent isolates of the fungus to wheat Lr-lines there were determined the degree of effectiveness of resistance genes. Lr-genes so as Lr24, Lr29, Lr41, Lr42, Lr47, Lr51, Lr53 were effective to leaf rust. They can be recommended for breeders as donors of resistance to leaf rust.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>бурая ржавчина</kwd><kwd>популяция</kwd><kwd>изолят</kwd><kwd>вирулентность</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>leaf rust</kwd><kwd>population</kwd><kwd>isolate</kwd><kwd>virulence</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
