Study of drought tolerance of hybrid material of home plum in southern Russia
https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2020-339-6-94-98
Abstract
Relevance. The aim of the research was to determine the physiological characteristics of the manifestation of resistance to stress factors (drought) of new hybrid forms of domestic plum and the allocation of the most drought-resistant in the environmental conditions of southern gardening.
Methods. The article presents the results of drought tolerance studies of six promising hybrid forms of home plum (17–1-55, 17–1-69, 17–2-64, 17–2-78, 17–2-81, 17–3-79), concentrated in the genetic collection of SKFNTSVV. The main indicators characterizing the varieties and hybrids of home plum were determined as drought tolerant — the water content of the leaves and the water holding capacity of the leaves under conditions of summer moisture deficiency.
Results. The water content of leaf tissue of hybrid forms in the hottest period (second — third decade of July) was heterogeneous. The highest water content in tissues was observed in hybrid seedlings 17–2-64 (63.1%) and 17–2-81 (59.6%). The smallest value was observed in the hybrid 17–3-79 and amounted to 49.7%. According to the data obtained, it was concluded that the studied hybrid forms do not differ in high water content, with the exception of hybrid 17–2-64, in which the water content can be characterized as above average. It was found that the water retention capacity of most hybrid forms is average. The total water content after withering in the studied hybrids was more than 80%. The greatest decrease in the amount of water in the leaves was observed in hybrids 17–1-55 (18.9%), 17–2-64 (18.5%), 17–3-79 (18.4%); the smallest — in hybrids 17–1-69 (13.3%), 17–2-78 (13.6%), which indicates a highwater retention capacity of the last two hybrids. With a general assessment of the hybrid fund of home plum, it was found that most hybrids studied have low hydration of leaf tissue and average water retention capacity. Based on this, two drought-resistant hybrid forms were identified: 17–1-69 and 17–2-78, which, despite the low water content, are distinguished by good water-holding ability in comparison with other hybrids and, as a consequence, the conservation of leaf turgor.
About the Authors
A. A. Kochubey
FSBSI «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexander A. Kochubey, graduate student
Krasnodar
R. Sh. Zaremuk
FSBSI «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Rimma Sh. Zaremuk, Doc. Sci. (Agriculture), Head of the Scientific Center "Varietal Studies and Selection of Garden Crops and Grapes"
Krasnodar
References
1. Genkel P.A. The main ways to study the physiology of drought tolerance of plants. Physiology of drought tolerance of plants. M.: Science. 1971. 527 p. (In Russ.)
2. Dobrenkova L.G. Drought tolerance of pineapple strawberry varieties in the north-west of the RSFSR and the Krasnodar Territory. Catalog of the VIR world collection. 1989;(502):20. (In Russ.)
3. Kushnirenko M.D., Goncharova E.A., Bondar E.M. Methods for studying water metabolism and drought tolerance of fruit plants. Chisinau: Stiince. 1970. 79 p. (In Russ.)
4. Kushnirenko M.D., Goncharova E.A., Kurchatova G.P. Drought tolerance of fruit plants. Scientific Proceedings of the VASHNIL. 1976. P.2–24. (In Russ.)
5. Kushnirenko M.D. Water regime and drought tolerance of fruit plants. Chisinau: Cartya Moldova. 1967. 138 p. (In Russ.)
6. Zhuchenko, A.A. Adaptive agricultural crop production. Chisinau: Stiince. 1999. 231 p. (In Russ.)
7. Vitkovsky V.L. Prospects for the use of little-known plum varieties in breeding. The role of varieties and new technologies in intensive gardening. Orel: Publishing House of GNU VNIISPK. 2003. P. 51–53. (In Russ.)
8. Zaremuk R.Sh., Share Yu.A. Adaptive varieties of plums and cherries to create productive agrocenoses. Fruit growing and viticulture of the South of Russia. 2018;53 (5):15–26. (In Russ.)
9. Kochubey A.A. Adaptive potential of home plum varieties in the southern region. Promising technologies in the field of production, storage and processing of crop products. Materials of the VIII-th International distance scientific-practical conference of young scientists. Krasnodar: FSBNU SKFNTSSVV. 2018. P. 86–89. (In Russ.)
10. Zaremuk R.Sh. Adaptive plum assortment for intensive gardens. Fruit growing and viticulture of the South of Russia. 2017;47(5):41–49. (In Russ.)
11. Zaremuk R.Sh., Alekhina E.M., Bogatyreva S.V. The formation of the domestic assortment of stone fruit crops in the conditions of southern Russia. Gardening and viticulture. 2016;(4):15–20. (In Russ.)
12. Solonkin A.V., Eremin G.V. The use of local and new varieties of the lower Volga region in the selection of adaptive plum varieties. Political network electronic scientific journal KubSAU. 2017;(134):368–378. (In Russ.)
13. Eremin V.G., Eremin G.V. Improving the assortment and technology of stone fruit cultivation in southern Russia. Proceedings of the Kuban State Agrarian University. 2016;(59):141–150. (In Russ.)
14. Eremin G.V. Adaptive high-quality dried fruit plum varieties for the south of Russia. Selection and cultivation of garden crops. Materials of the International scientific-practical conference dedicated to the 170th anniversary of VNIISPK. 2015. P. 71–72. (In Russ.)
15. Feskov S.A. Assessment of drought tolerance of plum varieties at home. Fruit growing and berry growing in Russia. 2014;40(2):247–253. (In Russ.)
16. Bozhkova V. Preliminary evaluation results of the plum cultivar Wegierka Dabrowicka. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkan (Bulgaria). 2011. P. 86–94.
17. Hossein Ava S. Study of Evaluation of Adaptability of exotic Cultivars of Plum and Prune. 2009. 96 p.
Review
For citations:
Kochubey A.A., Zaremuk R.Sh. Study of drought tolerance of hybrid material of home plum in southern Russia. Agrarian science. 2020;(6):94-98. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2020-339-6-94-98
Views:
593
Email this article 