Potato breeding in Yakutia

Abstract

Relevance and methods. The article presents the results of testing of promising hybrids in nurseries of competitive testing in the conditions of Central Yakutia for 2018–2019 (the characteristic of weather conditions is presented) 12 hybrids (six combinations) that were selected in previous breeding nurseries were tested. All studied hybrids belong to the group of early maturing (55–70 days): 216 (Country × 128-6), 239-1, 239-2, 2393 (Ladozhsky × Rosalind), 233, 233-2 (Slavyanka × Rosalind), 237, 237-1 (Northern × Dubrava), 232 (Aurora × Bonus), 234 (Scarlet Sail × Victoria).

Results. Evaluation of hybrids showed that the studied hybrids, according to economically valuable traits, correspond to the model of the variety: high yield, early maturing have good biochemical indicators, and in appearance of the tubers correspond to the requirements of consumers (small surface eyes, a mid-depth stolon trace) high shelf life during storage, tasting evaluation of tubers — 4.0 points. A description of the morphological characteristics of potato hybrids on tubers carried out. The number and weight of hybrids commercial tubers met the requirements for table varieties. The studied samples of hybrids had a yield of 26.0–42.0 t / ha, marketability of 92–97%, which makes them economically valuable. The samples differed in the content of dry matter (18.4–22.1 %) and starch (9.5–13.4 %). The content of nitrates in tubers did not exceed the permissible concentration. The studied samples are resistant to the most common diseases of the zone: viral (ordinary mosaic, leaf curl, curl, wrinkled mosaic, etc.), macrosporiosis, rhizoctonia, and scab. Based on the results of the studies, potato hybrids 232 (Aurora × Bonus), 233 (Slavyanka × Rosalind) and 239-2 (Ladozhsky × Razolind) were selected for further study and submitted for preliminary testing for resistance to the causative agent of cancer and nematodes.