Assessment of the source material of spring barley in Yakutia

The article provides data on the study of varieties in a collection nursery in the conditions of Central Yakutia. For the period 2015-2017 in collection nurseries 292 specimens of various origins were studied. The predecessor is steam. Sowing was carried out at the optimal time for the culture on May 22-26. The “Tammi” variety, zoned in the republic, was used as a standard. The variety is ultra-early ripening, the growing season is from 58-66 days. The mass of 1000 grains is 32-37 g. Average yield in favorable years is up to 20-25 c/ha. Drought resistance is average. The standard was plated every 30 samples. The evaluation of the studied samples in the field was carried out according to such characteristics as the duration of the growing season, yield, resistance to lodging, productive tillering, grain content, grain productivity. The plants were harvested by hand followed by hand threshing. The duration of the growing season for all varieties over the years of research varied on average from 67 to 80 days or more. The following early ripening varieties were identified: Polar (Norway), Grosso (Netherlands), Rajsa (Sweden), Sobolek (Russia), Zolotnik (Altai region), Svyatogor (Kirov region), Stimul (Krasnodar region), Symko (Canada), Stacey (Canada), Chervonets (Irkutsk region), Beacon (USA), Tandem (Kirov region), Courier (Krasnodar region). Based on the results of the study, the best varieties were identified by yield (Tandem, Beacon, Sobolek, Svyatogor, Rajsa, Courier), by the weight of 1000 grains (Zolotnik, Sobolek, Svyatogor, Symko), by productive bushiness: Tandem (pallidum), Sobolek (ricotense), Stimulus (nutans), Courier (nutans), Svyatogor (nutans). Based on the study data, the source material was extracted and selected for further use in the hybridization of new early maturing, highly productive varieties.

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