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Spring-summer sowing of winter rye on dry lands

https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2021-352-9-104-107

Abstract

Relevance. The article is devoted to the actual problem of the spring-summer seeding of winter rye on drained lands.
Methods and results. The studies were carried out in 2017–2020 at the experimental site of VNIIMZ (Tver region), drained by a closed drain. The soil of the experimental site is sod-podzolic light loamy gleyic slightly acidic, the content of humus is 1.8–2.4%, exchangeable potassium and available phosphorus content is increased and high. In field experiments, the effectiveness of spring-summer sowing dates for winter rye in a fallow field of crop rotation was studied with a ridge belt-spread cultivation method. It has been established that under the conditions of the north-west of the Non-Chernozem zone winter rye with its spring-summer sowing can form practically the same yields as with the standard cultivation technology. On average over 4 years the biological yield of rye grain when grown after spring rape was 3.69 t/ha, and with spring-summer sowing in a fallow field and harvesting the next year — 3.70 t/ha. The leveling of the variants in terms of yield with a significant difference between them in the plant density occurred due to productive tillering. The coefficient of productive bushiness in the control was 1.4, and with spring-summer sowing — 2.3. Differences between the variants in the number of productive stems, the number of grains per ear, and the weight of 1000 grains on average over 4 years were insignificant. High efficiency of harrowing of spring-summer crops of rye was noted both in the sowing year (late August — early September) and in spring after overwintering. The preservation of plants improved, the number of productive stems increased by 14.3%, and the biological productivity of rye increased by 18.4%. The technology of cultivation of winter rye with spring-summer sowing can significantly reduce the amount of field work in the fallow field, eliminate the costs of plowing, cultivation, sowing, rapeseed, and reduce the total production costs for maintaining 1 hectare of a fallow field by 7–10 thousand rubles.

About the Authors

I. Yu. Mitrofanov
FRC Soil Science Institute named after V.V. Dokuchaev
Russian Federation

Dokuchaev, 7, bld. 2, Pyzhevsky per., Moscow, 119017



L. V. Pugacheva
FRC Soil Science Institute named after V.V. Dokuchaev
Russian Federation

Dokuchaev, 7, bld. 2, Pyzhevsky per., Moscow, 119017



O. N. Antsiferova
FRC Soil Science Institute named after V.V. Dokuchaev
Russian Federation

Dokuchaev, 7, bld. 2, Pyzhevsky per., Moscow, 119017



N. A. Smirnova
FRC Soil Science Institute named after V.V. Dokuchaev
Russian Federation

Dokuchaev, 7, bld. 2, Pyzhevsky per., Moscow, 119017



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For citations:


Mitrofanov I.Yu., Pugacheva L.V., Antsiferova O.N., Smirnova N.A. Spring-summer sowing of winter rye on dry lands. Agrarian science. 2021;(9):104-107. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2021-352-9-104-107

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ISSN 0869-8155 (Print)
ISSN 2686-701X (Online)
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