Ecological and energy assessment of the technology of processing chestnut soils of fallow lands in Central Siberia

Abstract

Relevance. The disadvantages of steppe environmental management include soil degradation, high cost of grain, feed and other adverse phenomena. Similar processes are observed in Siberia. Currently, the re-development of fallow lands is starting and soil degradation is again manifesting itself in the steppe regions of Khakassia. For the efficient use of land resources, it is necessary to develop a resource-saving technology for tillage of fallow lands in the arid steppe zone of the south of Central Siberia.
Methods. The study of the effectiveness of soil tillage technologies of the erosive agroecological group of fallow lands was carried out in the arid steppe agro-landscape region of the Republic of Khakassia, located in the south of Central Siberia. Research for four years was carried out in the feed crop rotation link: a long-term (20–25 years) grain– grass fallow land — oats (corn) for green mass, by the method of field experiment of B.A. Dospekhov. Mеthods of water-physical, agrochemical, economic and energy research were used in the performance of the work.
Results. It has been established that on long-term fallow lands (20–25 years) soil compaction, low moisture content and mineral nutrition elements are noted. The influence of the complex application of continuous herbicides (Tornado 500, Sprut Extra) and tillage technology on environmental and energy indicators was revealed. During the summer tillage of the soil of a long-term fallowland, the introduction of a herbicide, an increase in the yield of agricultural crops is noted. In the arid steppe zone, with the technology with the processing of chestnut soilof the long-term fallow land net conversion efficiency was 2.10–2.84.