Perspective hybrid generation of chrysanthemum of the Stavropol Botanical Garden

Abstract

Relevance. Chrysanthemum (dendrantema) (Chrisanthemum х hortorum Bailey) belongs to the family Asteraceae. The aim of the study is to create decorative varieties of small-flowered chrysanthemum for the steppe zone, resistant to adverse environmental conditions, pests and diseases, with early and long flowering periods. The task is to single out a hybrid generation of chrysanthemum that is promising forgardening in the region and use it as initial forms in further breeding work.
Methods. Scientific work was carried out in the Stavropol Botanical Garden in 2020– 2021. A comparative assessment of the decorativeness of hybrid seedlings was developed taking into account the recommendations: Methodology of state variety testing of ornamental crops. The study of the phenological phases of development was carried out according to the Methodology of phenological observations in botanical gardens.
Results. The objects of research are 9 promising hybrid samples obtained from free pollination of varieties, species and hybrid seedlings: Pugovka, Romashkovoe Pole, Evdokia, Svetlana, Koster, Utro, Nastena, Oktyabrina, Zvezda The hybrid generation differs from the original forms in the shape of the bush, the size and color of the inflorescences, and the timing of flowering. Most hybrids have white, purple and yellow inflorescences of simple non-double, double and anemone forms. The diameter ranges from 3,5 to 7,3 cm. Vegetation of plants in the conditions of the Stavropol Botanical Garden begins on March 10–25. Hybrid samples of Pugovka, Romashkovoe Pole,, Evdokia, Nastena, Zvezda, Oktyabrina are of the average flowering period, in the conditions of the botanical garden it is September, Koster, Svetlana and Utro — early flowering hybrids, flowering in August. In terms of height, Oktyabrina is tall, recommended for cutting, thanks to strong peduncles. Undersized are Svetlana, Evdokia, Koster, , Nastena, they are recommendedas a pot and flowerbed culture and as a decorative design for gardens and parks. The remaining samples — Utro, Pugovka, Romashkovoe Pole, Zvezda — have a wide range of uses. A promising hybrid generation was selected for further study as the initial forms in breeding work.