Influence of sowing dates and seeding rates on the yield of winter wheat in the conditions of the steppe zone of chernozem soils of the Volgograd region
https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2022-363-10-100-105
Abstract
Relevance and methodology. In the conditions of the arid steppe zone of the Volgograd region in the Elansky district in 2018–2021, we studied the effect of sowing dates and seeding rates of seeds of winter wheat Zernogradka 11 on productivity. Sowing dates and seeding rates are considered by various sources as two main factors in increasing grain yields without any additional economic costs. The predecessor was black bare . The technology of cultivation of the variety Zernogradka 11 in field experiments was according to B.A. Dospekhov and the method of state variety testing of agricultural crops. The experiments were carried out for 5 sowing dates (III decade of August; I, II, III decades of September and I decade of October) and seding rates period (4, 5 and 6 million pcs/ha). Seedlings, at different sowing dates, appeared at different intervals, which is associated with a changing temperature regime.
Result. Based on the data obtained over the years of research it can be concluded that there is a decrease in productive stalk with advancement to later sowing dates. The highest yield was obtainedthen sowing in I decade of September. For other dates and seeding rates, except for the III decade of August, there was a noticeable decrease in indicators of the yield structure. The optimal seeding rate was found to be 5 and 6 million pcs/m2. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out and the dependence of the yield of winter wheat on sowing dates and seeding rates on average for 2018 — 2021 was revealed. It was found that the model describes the phenomenon well in almost all indicators, but the model of relationship between individual factors and the yield oneeds to be improved. The study showed that the influence of sowing dates and seeding rates are not sufficiently interconnected.
About the Authors
A. Y. Guzenko
Federal Research Center for Agroecology, Integrated Land Reclamation and Protective Aforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Junior Researcher, Department of Breeding, Seed Production and Nursery,
University Avenue, 97, 400062, Volgograd
V. L. Sopunkov
Federal Research Center for Agroecology, Integrated Land Reclamation and Protective Aforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Junior Researcher, Department of Breeding, Seed Production and Nursery,
University Avenue, 97, 400062, Volgograd
References
1. Seminchenko E.V. The yield of winter wheat, depending on the predictor as they move away from the forest belt. Izvestia of the Nizhnevolzhsky agricultural university complex: science and the highest professional in-development. 2020; 2 (58): 170-176 (In Russian.)
2. Sapunkov V.L., Solonkin A.V., Guzenko A.V. Ecological testing of winter wheat «Donskoy» in the zone of dark brown soils of the Volgograd region. Grain economy of Russia. 2021; 6 (78): 88-94 (In Russian.)
3. Prutskov F.M. Winter wheat. M., Kolos. 1976. 352 p. (In Russian.)
4. Pythoni A.A. The influence of the late sowing and depth of the seas on the elements of the structure of the crop of winter soft wheat. The scientific basis of the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex in modern conditions is the works of a scientific and practical conference with international participation. Kaluga: Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Kaluga Research Institute of Agriculture». 2015; 233-237 (In Russian.)
5. Balashov V.V., Balashov A.V., Levkina K.V., Kudina K.A. The yield of spring solid wheat, depending on the hydrothermal conditions on light browned soils of the Volgograd region. Izvestia of the Lower Volga Agricultural Service Complex: Science and Higher Professional Education. 2017; 4: 29-35 (In Russian.)
6. Kvasov N.A. Seva time as a factor in the regulation of the productivity of winter crops in conditions of climate change. Agriculture. 2012; 3: 18-20 (In Russian.)
7. Vieira V.M., Oliveira R.A. D., Daros Е. Factors related to the economic performance of wheat commercial fields Revista Ceres. National Bureau of Economic Research. Oct 2019; 333-340 с
8. Malkancduev H.A., Malkankdueva A.Kh., Shamurzaev R.I., Bazgiev M.A. The lasting time for the yield and quality of the grain of winter wheat. Innovation and food security. 2018; 3 (21): 93-97 (In Russian.)
9. Klochkov A.V., Solomko O.B., Klochkova O.S. The impact of weather conditions on agricultural crops. Bulletin of the Belarusian State Agricultural Academy. 2019; 2: 101-105 (In Russian.)
10. Zelenev A.V., Pythoni P.A., Pythoni A.A., Troubles P.A. Late dates and the depth of sowing of winter wheat in the dry -stepal zone of chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region. Izvestia of the Nizhnevolzhsky agricultural university complex: science and higher professional education. 2016; 2 (42): 72-77 (In Russian.)
11. Мarkova I.N., Guzenko A.Yu., Solonkin A.V. Prospects for the creation of adaptive varieties of solid wheat for the Volgograd region. Healed by the Nizhnevolzhsky agricultural university complex: science and higher professional education. 2021; 3 (63): 141-151 (In Russian.)
12. Lobunskaya, IA, Ionova EV, Likhovidova VA Influence of drought conditions on productivity and elements of photosynthetic activity of winter soft wheat. Agrarnaya nauka.2021.No. 2.74-77 p. — DOI 10.326 34/0869-8155-2021-345-2-74-77 с. — EDN LODPVN. (In Russian.)
13. Ivanov V.M., Tikhonov N.I. Production of crop production: lecture course. Volgograd: Volgograd GAU, 2017. 277 p (In Russian.)
14. Dospekhov B.A. Methodology of field experience (with the basics of statistical Operations of research results. M.: Alliance. 2014. 351 p. (In Russian.)
15. Kravchenko N. S., Podgorny S.V., Vozhzhova N.N. Studying the adaptive properties of the initial material of winter soft wheat on the basis of «mass of 1000 grains» . Agricultural Science. 2021. No. 1. 74-78 p. — DOI 10.32634/0869-8155-2021-344-1-74-78. — EDN BRKDTO. (In Russian.)
16. Sazhin Yu.V., Basova V.A. Statistical methods for evaluating highquality products. In the collection: innovative development of the Russian economy. IX International Scientific and Practical Constitution. Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian; Federation of the Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanova; Russian humanitarian scientific fund. 2016: 350-351 (In Russ.)].
Review
For citations:
Guzenko A.Y., Sopunkov V.L. Influence of sowing dates and seeding rates on the yield of winter wheat in the conditions of the steppe zone of chernozem soils of the Volgograd region. Agrarian science. 2022;(10):100-105. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2022-363-10-100-105
Views:
653
Email this article 